河北省祥云湾人工鱼礁区网采浮游植物群落结构的 时空变化特征及其与关键环境因子的关系

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of net-collected phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with key environmental factors in the artificial reef area of Xiangyun Bay,Hebei Province

为探究河北省祥云湾人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构特征的时空变化规律,明确人工鱼礁区建设对浮游植物的养护效果及其与环境因子的关系,于2021年5月、8月、11月和2022年1月对祥云湾人工鱼礁区及对照区海域开展了网采浮游植物和关键环境因子季度调查。结果表明,4个季度共发现浮游植物3门39属70种,其中硅藻种类数最多(78.6%);浮游植物丰度呈现显著季节变化,夏、秋季丰度最高,2处人工鱼礁区浮游植物的年平均丰度为313.5×10^(4) cells/m^(3),是对照区浮游植物丰度的1.4倍;除春季外,人工鱼礁区浮游植物的丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数均高于对照区,且礁区春-夏和夏-秋季节礁区优势种更替率低于对照区,表明人工鱼礁区群落结构相比对照区更稳定;人工鱼礁区浮游植物主要类群的生物增量指数为0.9~3.6,特别是硅藻类群的生物增量指数平均达到1.8;Pearson相关性分析显示,浮游植物丰度主要受TP、TN、NH_(4)-N、NO_(3)-N和DIP的影响,且各季节之间存在显著差异。研究表明,人工鱼礁建设对浮游植物具有良好的养护效果,且养护效果主要与营养盐的时空变化密切相关。

In order to investigate the characteristics and spatial-temporal variations of the phytoplankton com-munity in artificial reef areas,as well as to elucidate the relationship between phytoplankton abundance and envir-onmental factors associated with artificial reef construction,four surveys were conducted in 2021(May,August,November)and 2022(January)at two artificial reef areas and a control area in Xiangyun Bay.A total of 70 phyto-plankton taxa belonging to 39 genera and 3 classes were identified in this study.The annual average abundance of phytoplankton in the artificial reef areas was recorded as 313.5×10^(4) cells/m^(3),which were 1.4 times higher than that observed in the control area.Except in spring,the richness index,diversity index and evenness index of phytoplank-ton in the artificial reef areas were higher than those in the control area.The succession rate of dominant species from spring to summer and from summer to autumu in the reef areas were lower than that in the control area,sug-gesting greater stability of community structure within artificial reef areas compared to the control area.The biolo-gical increment index for each phytoplankton taxon ranged from 0.9 to 3.6;notably,Bacillariophyta displayed an average biological increment index value of 1.8.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that phytoplankton abund-ance was primarily influenced by TP,TN,NH_(4)-N,NO_(3)-N and DIP;significant seasonal differences were observed among these variables.These findings demonstrate that artificial reef construction has a positive conservation ef-fect on phytoplankton communities closely related to temporal and spatial changes in nutrient availability.