北约强化韧性建设:动机、影响及制约

NATO’s Strengthening of Resilience Building:Motivations,Impacts,and Constraints

以2014年克里米亚危机为重要节点,韧性在北约整体战略层面的重要性受到空前重视。北约的韧性建设以加强联盟在军事、民事和更广泛社会层面预防、抵抗重大冲击并从中恢复的能力为目标,以“全联盟、全政府、全社会”的360度全方位措施为重要实现手段,是北约对近年来欧洲安全环境变迁的一种反思和因应,亦是其掀起“新冷战”叙事、重塑联盟共同价值的一种“身份建构”。通过强化韧性建设,北约进一步激活其在欧洲防务中的主导地位,强化以美国为中心的跨大西洋联盟资源整合,推动大国竞争向“集团化”和“泛安全化”方向发展。北约强化韧性建设的两面性和内在矛盾性使其前景充满不确定性。

Since the Ukraine crisis in 2014,resilience has become a key focal point in NATO’s overall strategic framework,with its importance being unprecedentedly reinforced.NATO’s current resilience-building efforts aim to enhance the alliance’s capacity to prevent,resist,and recover from major shocks in military,civilian,and broader societal domains,employing measures based on a“whole-of-alliance,whole-of-government,whole-of-society”approach.This represents NATO’s reflection on and response to the changing security environment in Europe in recent years,and also marks its adoption of the“new Cold War”narrative,as a way to construct a shared identity of the alliance.By strengthening resilience,NATO has further activated its dominant role in European defense,reinforced the US-centered transatlantic alliance’s resource integration,and pushed great power competition toward“bloc politics”and“pan-securitization.”At the same time,the duality and inherent contradictions of NATO’s resilience-building efforts make its future uncertain and unpredictable.