国家创新体系整体效能的提升机制与实践路径--基于中国式现代化视域的研究

The Mechanism and Practice Path of the Overall Effectiveness of the National Innovation System--A Study Based on the Perspective of Chinese Modernization

提升国家创新体系整体效能是实现中国式现代化的重要支撑和内在要求。面向中国式现代化的国家创新体系需统一于共同的价值立场和价值取向,着眼于领跑式创新和全面创新,深入于新一轮科技革命和产业变革的实践场景。进一步提升国家创新体系整体效能,需首先从创新目标、创新主体、创新资源和创新环境四个层面完成对国家创新体系的系统性重构,进而明晰动力变革、效率变革和质量变革提升国家创新体系整体效能的作用机制。最终在实践路径上,要强化顶层设计,健全科技创新的新型举国体制;加强制度创新,破除科技创新的体制机制障碍;完善人才体系,将人口规模优势转变为人才优势;构建数字生态,实现创新要素变革和创新体系提质增效;强化开放创新,深度融入全球科技创新网络;引导科技向善,建设惠及大众的国家创新体系。

Improving the overall efficiency of the NIS is both an essential support and an intrinsic requirement for achieving Chinese modernization.The NIS,oriented towards Chinese modernization,must be unified by a shared value stance and direction,focusing on both leading and comprehensive innovation,and delving deeply into the practical scenarios of the new round of scientific and technological revolutions and industrial transformations.It is necessary to first complete the systematic reconstruction of the system across four levels:innovation goals,subjects,resources,and environment.Then,clarify the mechanisms of power dynamics,efficiency,and quality to enhance the system's overall performance.On the path of practice,it is imperative to:Strengthen top-level design and refine the new national system for scientific and technological innovation.Enhance institutional innovation to dismantle systemic barriers that hinder scientific and technological progress.Improve the talent system to convert demographic advantages into a talent advantage.Accelerate the development of a digital ecosystem to facilitate the transformation of innovation elements and elevate the innovation system's quality and efficiency.Foster open innovation and integrate deeply into the global scientific and technological innovation network.Ensure that science and technology serve the public good,constructing a national innovation system that benefits the public.