中药抗鼻咽癌的药效基因组学及相关通路的研究进展

Research progress on pharmacogenomics and related signalling pathways of traditional Chinese medicine in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma

中国是世界鼻咽癌最高发地区。鼻咽癌早期隐匿不易被发现,晚期放化疗效果不佳。基因组学的研究显示鼻咽癌是一类具有独特基因组特征的癌症类型,这与鼻咽癌临床治疗不佳密切相关。目前国内外研究显示,传统中药主要通过调节Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、ERK1/2、PARP、MMP-9、CyclinD1、PCNA和E-cadherin等158种基因,在抑制鼻咽癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭、诱导细胞自噬、促凋亡等方面具有独特的优势,且相关关键性信号通路参与了此过程,主要包括:Ras、PI3K、Wnt、NF-κB信号途径,以及STAT、TGF-β、Notch、Hippo、AMPK/mTOR等信号途径。文章全面、系统地归纳分析鼻咽癌基因组学,中药抗鼻咽癌药效基因景观和信号通路的富集有助于为抗鼻咽癌研究和临床治疗提供新的线索和思路。

China is the region with the highest incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the world.Early onset of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is insidious and difficult to detect,while late-stage radiotherapy and chemotherapy have poor efficacy.Genomic studies have showed that nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a type of cancer with unique genomic characteristics,which is closely related to poor clinical treatment.Current domestic and international research shows that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)mainly regulates 158 genes,including caspase-3,Bcl-2,Bax,PI3K,Akt,mTOR,ERK1/2,PARP,MMP-9,CyclinD1,PCNA and E-cadherin,and has unique advantages in inhibiting nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation,migration,invasion,inducing autophagy and promoting apoptosis.And related key signaling pathways are involved in this process,mainly including RAS,PI3K,Wnt,NF-κB signaling pathway,as well as STAT,TGF-β,Notch,Hippo,AMPK/mTOR and other signal pathways.This article comprehensively and systematically summarizes and analyzes the genomics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the gene landscape and signal pathway enrichment of TCM’s anti nasopharyngeal carcinoma efficacy,which will provide new clues and ideas for the research and clinical treatment of TCM’s anti nasopharyngeal carcinoma.