检察公益诉讼调查核实的数字化实现

Digitization of Investigation and Verification in Public Interest by the Procuratorate

检察公益诉讼长期面临调查核实的手段困境,特别是传统调查核实方式无法满足“公益损害事实及违法行为”的发现与认定需求。以数字检察战略为背景,检察公益诉讼调查核实的数字化演进为问题解决开辟了可能。检察公益诉讼数字化调查核实其以大数据获取及基于“算法模型”的大数据分析为支撑,推动了公益诉讼调查核实的批量实施、手段融合及程序前移,导致数字化调查核实“情报化”的侵权风险、“穿透性”的越权风险、“特殊逻辑”的司法证明风险及“技术性”对司法权的蚕食风险。为此,以数字化调查核实中“调查”与“核实”异步性特征为前提,应当在“数字化调查+司法核实”二元构造的基础上分别针对“数字化调查”与“司法核实”进行规范的程序建构与体系优化。

Public interest litigation by the procuratorate has long faced challenges in investigation and verification methods,especially as traditional approaches are insufficient for effectively identifying and verifying“facts of public harm and illegal conduct”.In the context of a digital prosecution strategy,the digitization of investigation and verification in public interest litigation offers potential solutions.Empirical observations on the digitization of the process reveal that it relies on big data acquisition and algorithm model-based big data analysis to support batch implementation of investigations,integration of methods,and procedural advancement.Consequently,digital investigation and verification entail risks of“intelligence-driven”infringement,“penetrative”overreach,judicial proof risks with“specialized logic”,and encroachment of judicial authority by“technical”means.Given the asynchronous nature of“investigation”and“verification”in digital contexts,it is essential to establish and refine normative procedures and systems for both“digital investigation”and“judicial verification”within a dual-structured framework.