非常规油气藏二氧化碳压裂技术进展及展望

Progress and Prospects of Carbon Dioxide Fracturing Technology for Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoirs

非常规油气藏的开发掀起了一场世界范围内的油气革命,二氧化碳压裂技术有望成为助推这场油气革命的新的、有力的助推器。回顾过去,中国的二氧化碳压裂技术经过二十余年的发展,在机理研究、工艺设计、产品研发及工程应用等方面均取得了重要进展。着眼当下,在CCUS的大背景下,二氧化碳压裂技术凭借其显著的增能助排优势、突出的单井提产优势以及大规模节水、碳利用的环保优势,应用规模迎来了爆发式的快速增长,但一些瓶颈问题和难题也进一步凸显。一是工程作业能力不足,难以满足非常规油气藏大规模体积压裂作业对注入排量和液量的需要;二是工程作业成本高,效益开发矛盾突出。展望未来,二氧化碳压裂技术下步将对标非常规油气藏体积压裂作业模式,使其在作业规模、投入产出方面能够达到与其相当的水平。重点工作包括:加速核心技术升级、加快建设以二氧化碳压裂为核心的全碳链的绿色示范工程、探索CCUS+二氧化碳压裂的新模式、评价二氧化碳压裂的碳埋存潜力及建立健全技术标准,推动技术成果转化,实现产业化。

The development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs has sparked a global oil and gas revolution,and carbon dioxide fracturing technology is expected to become a new and powerful booster to promote this oil and gas revolution.Looking back,after more than 20 years of development,China's carbon dioxide fracturing technology has made significant progress in mechanism research,process design,products development,and field applications.At the current,in the context of CCUS,carbon dioxide fracturing technology has experienced explosive growth in field application due to its significant advantages in energized enhancement and emission assistance,outstanding well production enhancement,and environmental protection advantages of massive water conservation and carbon utilization.However,some important problems and challenges have also been further highlighted.Firstly,the engineering operation capability is insufficient,making it difficult to meet the injection and volume requirements for SRV fracturing operations in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs;The second issue is the high cost of engineering operations and prominent contradictions in the development of benefits.Next,the carbon dioxide fracturing technology will be benchmarked against the SRV fracturing operation mode of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in order to achieve comparable levels in operation ability and benefit.The key tasks include:acceleration of core technologies upgradation,acceleration of construction of an environmental green demonstration project with carbon dioxide fracturing as the core,covering the entire carbon chain,exploration of a new model of CCUS+carbon dioxide fracturing,evaluation of carbon storage potential of carbon dioxide fracturing,establishment of technical standards,promotion of technological achievements transformation,and industrialization.