壳牌长北保护储层钻井液技术经济探讨

Economic Discussion on Reservoir Protetion Drilling Fluid Technology in Shell′s Changbei Project

随着全球能源需求的不断增长和常规油气资源的逐渐枯竭,非常规油气藏开发已成为石油工程领域的重要研究方向,低成本是实现有效开发的必要条件。因单井产量低,完井及压裂成本高,回收费用需时较长,只能不断改善学习曲线,力争达到技术和成本的最佳平衡,才能获得良好经济效益。长庆油田和壳牌合作的长北项目是全球油气勘探开发领域合作的典范工程,项目整体连续稳产15年,至今累计产气590.8×10^(8)m^(3)。其令人瞩目的丰硕成果是多方共同努力、多因素耦合的结果。文章以钻井液技术为切入点,分析了钻井液性能优化虽然造成钻井液每方成本的上升,但对项目总体成本控制和单井产量具有积极贡献,直观展示了技术学习曲线对经济效益的影响。通过分析长北项目1期“日费制”和2期“日费制+米费制”管理模式的优缺点,提出了非常规油气开发必须注重技术、成本、产量、管理相结合,按照项目全生命周期考量整体效益,注重储层保护。文章通过总结长北项目的成功,以期为非常规油气藏的开发提供借鉴。

With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the gradual depletion of conventional oil and gas resources,the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs has become an important research direction in the field of petroleum engineering,and low cost is a necessary condition for achieving effective development.Good economic benefits can be only obtained by continuously improving the learning curve and striving to achieve the best balance of technology and cost due to low single well production,high completion and fracturing costs,and longer cost recovery period.The Changbei project,a collaboration between Changqing Oilfield and Shell,is a model project for global oil and gas exploration and development.The project has been consistently stable for 15 years and has produced a total of 590.8×10^(8) m^(3) of gas to date.Its remarkable and fruitful achievements are the result of the joint efforts of multiple parties and the coupling of multiple factors.The article takes drilling fluid technology as the starting point and analyzes that although the optimization of drilling fluid performance leads to an increase in the cost per cubic meter of drilling fluid,but it has a positive contribution to the overall cost control and production capacity maintenance of the project.It intuitively demonstrates the impact of the technical learning curve on economic benefits.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the"daily fee system"and"daily fee system+drilling footage fee system"management models in the first and second phases of the Changbei project,it is proposed that unconventional oil and gas development must focus on the combination of technology,cost,production,and management,consider overall benefits according to the project's entire life cycle,and pay attention to reservoir protection.The article summarizes the success of the Changbei project in order to provide reference for the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.