基于GIS的黄土高原南缘土石山区陕西陇县耕地质量评价研究

Evaluation of Farmland Quality in Rocky Mountain Area at South Foot of Loess Plateau Based on GIS:A Case Study on Long County,Shaanxi Province

以陕西省陇县为研究区域,通过实地调查和室内分析,综合运用GIS技术、层次分析法、模糊聚类法和综合指数法对研究区耕地质量进行定量评价。结果表明,陇县耕地质量可划分为十等:二等地占1.31%,三等地占5.57%,四等地占5.87%,五等地占7.58%,六等地占16.19%,七等地占28.82%,八等地占24.07%,九等地占7.87%,十等地占2.72%。二、三等地主要为水浇地,集中分布在河谷平原;四至十等地多为旱地,其中四至六等地多分布于河谷平原、河谷阶地,而七至十等地则位于海拔较高的中山、高丘陵地区,该区域地形较为破碎,土层薄,土壤养分含量低。因此,基于GIS建立了陇县耕地质量评价系统,以期为该县耕地资源的科学管理、可持续利用提供理论支持,同时也为我国黄土高原南缘土石山区耕地质量保护提供技术支持。

Taking Longxian County of Shaanxi Province as the study area,the quality of cultivated land in the study area was quantitatively evaluated by using GIS technology,analytic hierarchy process,fuzzy clustering method and comprehensive index method.The results showed that the quality of cultivated land in Longxian County can be divided into 10 grades,among which the area of the second grade land to the tenth grade land accounted for 1.31%,5.57%,5.87%,7.58%,16.19%,28.82%,24.07%,7.87% and 2.72% of the total cultivated land respectively.The second and third grade cultivated lands were mainly irrigated land,concentrated in valley plains.The cultivated land of grade 4 to 10 were mostly dry land,among which 4 to 6 grade lands were mainly located in valley plains and valley terraces,while 7 to 10 grade lands in high mountain and high elevation loess tableland areas.The terrain in this region is relatively broken,the soil layer is thin,and the soil nutrient content is low.Based on GIS,this study established the cultivated land quality evaluation system in Longxian County,which provided theoretical support for the scientific management and sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources in this county.At the same time,it also provides technical support for the quality protection of cultivated land in the rocky mountain area on the southern margin of the Loess Plateau.