不同砧木对赤霞珠葡萄果实糖酸代谢的影响

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Glucose and Acid Metabolism in Cabernet Sauvignon Grape

以4种砧木嫁接的赤霞珠葡萄苗木及其自根苗为材料,研究砧木在赤霞珠果实发育过程中对糖酸积累及相关代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明,成熟葡萄果实中的糖分以葡萄糖和果糖为主,以蔗糖为辅,有机酸以酒石酸和苹果酸为主。3309C和SO4显著降低果实中葡萄糖、果糖质量分数,提高蔗糖质量分数。3309C显著提高果实中酒石酸和苹果酸质量分数;SO4显著提高果实中酒石酸、苹果酸质量分数,降低柠檬酸质量分数;1103P显著提高果实中苹果酸质量分数;5BB显著降低果实中柠檬酸质量分数。从浆果膨大期到成熟期,可溶性酸性转化酶(S-AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)、蔗糖合成酶分解方向(SS-I)的活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势;苹果酸脱氢酶(NAD-MDH)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)的活性呈波动下降的趋势,苹果酸酶(NADP-ME)、柠檬酸合成酶(CS)的活性呈先增长后下降趋势。SO4降低S-AI、SS-c、NADP-ME、CS活性,提高SPS、NAD-MDH、PEPC活性;3309C降低S-AI、SS-c、NADP-ME活性,提高SPS、NAD-MDH、PEPC活性;5BB提高果实发育后期S-AI活性;1103P降低SPS和NADP-ME活性,提高NAD-MDH和CS活性。4种砧木通过影响S-AI、SS-c、SPS、NAD-MDH、PEPC、NADP-ME在果实不同发育阶段的酶活性调控果实糖酸积累和分解。

The effects of rootstocks on sugar and acid accumulation and related metabolic enzyme activity during fruit development were studied with Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on four rootstocks and it's self-rooted seedlings as materials.The results showed that glucose and fructose were the main sugars in mature grape fruits,supplemented by sucrose,and tartaric acid and malic acid were the main organic acid components.3309C and SO4 reduced the glucose and fructose content in fruits,but increased the sucrose content significantly.3309C and SO4 significantly increased the contents of tartaric acid and malic acid;1103P increased malic acid content;SO4 and 5BB reduced the citric acid content.From berry enlargement to maturity,the soluble acid invertase(S-AI),neutral invertase(NI),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)and sucrose synthetase decomposition direction(SS-I)showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,the malate dehydrogenase(NAD-MDH)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC)showed a fluctuating downward trend,while the malic enzyme(NADP-ME)and citrate synthase(CS)increased first and then decreased.SO4 decreased the S-AI,SS-c,NADP-ME and CS activity,and increased the SPS,NAD-MDH and PEPC activity.3309C reduced the S-AI,SS-c and NADP-ME activity,and enhanced the SPS,NAD-MDH and PEPC activity.5BB increased S-AI activity during late developmental stage.1103P reduced the SPS and NADP-ME activity,and improved the NAD-MDH and CS activity.The four rootstocks regulate the accumulation and decomposition of sugar and acid in fruit by influencing the enzyme activity of S-AI,SS-c,SPS,NAD-MDH,PEPC and NADP-ME at different stages of fruit development.