云南岩画中牛图像的文化阐释

Cultural Interpretation of the Cow Painting in Yunnan Rock art

牛是岩画中常见的一种动物类图像。在云南岩画中多处发现牛图像,种类包括野生牛、水牛、瘤牛和牛角。涉及场景有单独出现,有与动物伴生出现,也有在人类活动场景中出现的情况。通过对岩画中牛图像的组合关系、制作手法以及造型特点的梳理,认为云南岩画与牛相关的画面反映出狩猎渴望、祭祀作用以及与日常生计三种用途,证实牛这种动物在云南地区古代文化中具有信仰与生计并举的双重意义。

Cows are common animal paintings in rock art.Many rock art with cow paintings have been found in Yunnan,including wild cattle,water buffalo,zebu,and ox horns.The scenes involved may appear separately,accompanied by animals,or in human activity scenes.Through the analysis of the combination relationship,production techniques,and modeling characteristics of cow paintings,it is believed that cow paintings in Yunnan have three cultural connotations:hunting desire,sacrificial function,and daily use,confirming the dual significance of faith and livelihood for cattle in ancient culture in Yunnan region.