知识变异视角下学科知识创新生长现状分析——以引文分析领域为例

Analysis of the Current Situation of Disciplinary Knowledge Innovation Growth from the Perspective of Knowledge Variation:Taking the Field of Citation Analysis as an Example

[目的/意义]知识变异是指两个或多个学科的知识基因重新组合产生创新知识的过程,基于知识变异视角分析学科知识创新生长现状,对于在大科学背景下把握学科发展现状、总结知识创新生长规律、探测复杂学术问题的解决具有重要意义。[方法/过程]定义学科交叉背景下知识创新生长的结果表现为跨学科知识生长点的产生,位于不同引用位置的跨学科知识对施引知识创新生长的刺激程度存在差异。因此,将文献引用位置划分为引言、综述、方法、讨论、结论5个部分并赋予不同的权重,从知识合作强度与知识合作有效性两方面构建跨学科知识生长点创新程度测度模型,测度知识变异程度及创新生长现状,并进行类型划分。[结果/结论]以引文分析领域为例进行实证分析,发现在这个领域中的核心专业知识与应用方向知识更容易受到跨学科输入知识的刺激。其中,理论概念类跨学科知识的刺激作用需要量的积累,方法类跨学科知识刺激快速高效,技术类跨学科知识的专业性差异会影响其刺激效果。

[Purpose/significance]Knowledge variation is the process of recombining the knowledge genes of two or more disciplines to produce innovative knowledge.Analyzing the current situation of disciplinary knowledge innovation growth from the perspective of knowledge variation is of great significance for grasping the development status of disciplines,summarizing the law of knowledge innovation growth,and exploring the solution of complex academic problems in the context of big science.[Method/process]The result of knowledge innovation growth in the context of interdisciplinary is defined as the generation of interdisciplinary knowledge growth points.Interdisciplinary knowledge located in different citation locations has different degrees of stimulation to the innovation growth of citation knowledge.Therefore,this paper divides the literature citation positions into five parts:introduction,review,methodology,discussion,and conclusion,and assigns different weights.Then,a cross-disciplinary knowledge growth point innovation degree measurement model is constructed from the two aspects of knowledge cooperation intensity and knowledge cooperation effectiveness,to measure the degree of knowledge variation and the current status of innovation growth,and to divide them into types.[Result/conclusion]Taking the field of“citation analysis”as an example for empirical analysis,we found that the core professional knowledge and application direction knowledge in this field are more easily stimulated by interdisciplinary input knowledge,the stimulation of theoretical and conceptual interdisciplinary knowledge needs to be cumulative,the stimulation of methodological interdisciplinary knowledge is fast and efficient,and the professional difference of interdisciplinary technical knowledge will affect its stimulation.