数据论文叙事模式:语篇结构、数据呈现与实践启示

Research on Narrative Patterns of Data Paper:Discourse Structure,Data Presentation,and Practical Implications

[目的/意义]数据论文作为描述科学数据的新型出版物,是科学数据共享的一种有效方式。对当前数据论文的叙事模式进行分析,可以呈现数据论文在支撑科学数据理解、共享与重用等方面的经验与不足,揭示数据之间的隐性关系,从而促进科学数据的共享、重用与价值最大化。[方法/过程]综合考量数据期刊的代表性、学科覆盖度等因素,选取21种数据期刊并从中随机抽取210篇数据论文,对数据论文文本的内容进行分析及对数据期刊与数据仓储平台进行网络调查,从文本叙事与数据叙事两个方面分析数据论文的语篇叙事结构以及科学数据的叙事呈现方式。[结果/结论]共归纳总结出数据论文的4种语篇叙事模式,即IMRaD传统叙事模式、IMDe+[A/Q/U/V]顺序结构模式、V+DeM翻转结构模式以及混合结构模式。数据论文主要采取图表数据摘要、数据可视化、数据的探索性分析等数据叙事方式并依托数据仓储平台提供数据检索、推荐、计量、引用等交互服务。当前数据期刊更多关注的是数据论文文本对科学数据的静态描述,科学数据叙事在交互式可视分析、支撑科学研究等方面仍有巨大的提升空间。

[Purpose/significance]As a new genre of publication describing scientific data,data paper has become an effective way to share scientific data.This paper analyzed the narrative patterns of current data paper to present the experiences and shortcomings of data paper in supporting scientific data understanding,sharing,and reuse.[Method/process]Considering the representativeness and disciplinary coverage of data journals,this paper selected 21 data journals and randomly sampled 210 data papers.Through content analysis of data papers and an online survey of data journals and data repository platforms,this paper analyzes the narrative structure of data papers and the narrative presentation of scientific data from both text narrative and data narrative perspectives.[Result/conclusion]Four discourse narrative patterns of data papers were summarized,namely,IMRaD Traditional Structure Pattern,IMDe+[A/Q/U/V]Sequential Structure Pattern,V+DeM Reverse Structure Pattern and Hybrid Structure Pattern.Data papers mainly adopt data narrative presentations such as graphical data summary,data visualization,and exploratory analysis,and rely on data repository platforms to provide interactive services such as data retrieval,recommendation,metrics,and citation.Currently,data journals focus more on the static description of scientific data in data paper texts,while there is still significant room for development in terms of interactive visual analysis and support for scientific research in scientific data narratives.