MXene基阻燃体系构建及其在聚合物阻燃改性中的应用研究进展

Research progress in the construction of MXene-based flame retardant system and its application in polymer flame retardant modification

MXene,一类绿色、环保、可再生的二维材料,因其卓越的物理和化学性质,在多个领域展现出应用潜力.特别是在阻燃领域,MXene及其衍生物可通过添加和涂覆方式被引入到多种基材中,有效提升材料的阻燃性能.本文综述了MXene在阻燃领域的应用,包括纯MXene的阻燃体系、通过含阻燃元素的小分子和聚合物对MXene进行的功能化改性,以及通过构建一维至三维异质结构实现的阻燃性能提升.讨论了MXene在薄膜、织物、泡沫、气凝胶和木材等不同结构基材中的应用,并强调了其在赋予材料阻燃性能的同时,还能实现电磁屏蔽、热管理等多功能性.最后,对MXene基阻燃材料的未来发展趋势进行了展望,指出了其在提高材料综合性能和推动绿色阻燃技术发展中的重要作用.

MXene,a category of eco-friendly and sustainable two-dimensional nanomaterials,has garnered significant attention for its remarkable physicochemical attributes,positioning it as a promising candidate for a myriad of applications.Notably,within the domain of flame retardancy,MXene and its composites have been integrated into diverse substrates via incorporation and surface coating techniques,thereby significantly augmenting their fire-resistant capabilities.This review synthesizes the burgeoning body of literature pertaining to MXene’s role in flame retardancy,encompassing the pristine MXene-based flame retardant systems,the chemo-functionalization of MXene with flame retardant-laden small molecules and polymers,and the dimensional expansion of flame retardant properties through the construction of heterostructures ranging from mono-to tri-dimensional configurations.The utility of MXene across an array of substrates,including films,textiles,foams,aerogels,and lignocellulosic materials,is examined,highlighting its dual capacity to confer flame retardancy and to imbue substrates with additional functionalities,such as electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal regulation.The review concludes with an exploration of the prospective trajectory for the evolution of MXene-based flame retardant materials,underscoring their pivotal role in the enhancement of material’s multifaceted performance and in propelling the advancement of sustainable flame retardant technologies.