中国全科医学研究发展方向探讨:基于中华医学会全科医学分会学术年会发言论文的文献计量学分析

Research hot points and trend in general practice:an analysis based on papers presentated on annual conferences of Chinese Society of General Practice 2014-2022

目的:探讨我国全科医学研究发展方向。方法:该研究为文献计量学分析。收集2014至2022年中华医学会全科医学分会学术年会论文汇编中发言论文中的研究型论文。从入选论文中提取相关信息,包括投稿时间、研究维度和主题、发文机构、学者所属地区及研究方法等,然后进行统计、分析。结果:最终纳入论文944篇。2014至2017年发言论文中的研究型论文数量呈递增趋势(63~163篇),2018年下降到98篇,2019年回升至123篇,2020年下降至75篇,2022年又增长至127篇。纳入的论文共涉及28个研究维度,其中关于全科医学发展制度及全科医师培养制度、全科教育与信息化建设的论文数量最多[576篇(61.0%)],其次为关于内分泌(糖尿病)和心血管系统疾病的论文[均为69篇(7.3%)],然后为呼吸系统疾病[32篇(3.4%)]和代谢性疾病[29篇(3.1%)],此外还涉及了神经系统疾病、精神卫生、儿科、消化系统疾病以及生殖系统疾病等。以基层卫生服务为主题的论文数量最多[230篇(24.4%)],其次为教育与培训[225篇(23.8%)]和慢性病管理[212篇(22.5%)],以社区护理和合理用药为主题的论文数量最少[分别为39篇(4.1%)和7篇(0.7%)]。以第一作者所在机构为标准进行统计,944篇论文中437篇(46.3%)投稿机构为高等院校附属的综合性医院,223篇(23.6%)为社区卫生服务中心(站)或中心卫生院,132篇(14.0%)为高等院校,118篇(12.5%)为非高等院校附属的综合性医院,35篇(3.7%)为社区卫生服务管理中心、卫生和计划生育委员会以及疾病预防和控制中心等监管部门。纳入论文的投稿机构覆盖全国31个省份(包括中国香港、中国台湾地区)以及加拿大、英国等国家和地区,以上海市、北京市投稿最多。纳入论文中39篇(4.1%)为定性研究,23篇(2.4%)为混合方法研究,其余882篇(93.7%)均为定量研究。结论:我国全科医学研究领域涉足广泛,热点聚焦于全科医师制度建设、人才培养和信息化建设,临床研究方面则主要聚焦于内分泌(糖尿病)、心血管系统疾病,而社区护理及合理用药的研究较少,高等院校及其附属综合医院高质量论文的数量较多,而基层医疗卫生机构较少,论文中使用的研究方法以定量研究为主,定性研究较少。

Objective To analyze the research hot points and trend of general practice in China.Methods It was a bibliometric analysis.Research papers presentated on Chinese Society of General Practice from 2014 to 2022 were collected.The distribution and its trend were analysed in terms of titles,submission time,research topics,methods and contents as well as authors′affilation.ResultsA total of 944 research papers were included in the analysis.The results showed a general increasing trend in number of research papers presented on annual conferences from 2014 to 2022 with some fluctuation.The papers covered 28 research dimensions;the highest number of papers was on the development of general practice system,the training and education system for general practitioners,and the construction of information technology(576 papers,61.0%).The most common topic was on primary health services(230 papers,24.4%),followed by education and training(225,23.8%)and chronic disease management(212,22.5%);while fewer papers were dealing with community-based care(39,4.1%)and rational medication(7,0.7%).In terms of the affiliation of the first author,437 papers(46.3%)were from affiliated hospitals of medical universities/colleges,223(23.6%)from community health service institutions,132(14.0%)from higher education institutions,118(12.5%)from non-affiliated hospitals,and 35(3.7%)were from administration institutions.In terms of regions,it covered all provinces(municipalities/autonomous regions)(including Hong Kong and Taiwan)with few overseas.Shanghai and Beijing contributed more papers than other regions.In terms of research methodology,most papers used quantitative studies(882,93.7%),less used qualitative studies(39,4.1%)or mixed studies(23,2.4%).Conclusion The analysis indicates that a wide range of contents are involved in general practice research in China,and more high-quality studies are from medical colleges/universities and their affiliated general hospitals,and most papers use quantitative studies.