磁极偏心对船舶用电机的振动噪声影响

Effect of magnetic pole eccentricity on vibration noise of motors for marine applications

为解决船舶电机的振动噪声问题,以一台5.5 kW、8极48槽船舶用表贴式永磁同步电机为研究对象,分析了考虑磁极偏心情况下电机振动噪声产生机理,计算了该电机的电磁性能及其电磁振动噪声特性。基于理论推导磁极偏心对电磁力的影响,提出一种磁极偏心结构设计,并通过二维傅里叶分解分析其径向气隙磁密与电磁力谐波分量,对优化前后电机的电磁振动噪声进行了有限元对比分析。结果表明,通过电机结构优化后,在额定工况运行下转矩脉动减小,电磁振动噪声有效降低,从49.55削弱至44.479 dBA,这表明该优化方案对电机电磁振动噪声特性具有良好的改善作用,最后通过样机试验验证仿真的有效性。

In order to solve the vibration noise problem of marine motors,a 5.5 kW,8-pole,48-slot surface permanent magnet synchronous motor for marine is taken as the object of study,the vibration noise generation mechanism of the motor under the consideration of pole eccentricity is analysed,and the electromagnetic performance of the motor and its electromagnetic vibration noise characteristics are calculated.Based on the theoretical derivation of the influence of pole eccentricity on electromagnetic force,a pole eccentricity structure design is proposed,and its radial air-gap magnetism and harmonic components of electromagnetic force are analyzed by 2D-Fast Fourier Transform,and finite element comparison analysis of the electromagnetic vibration noise of the motor before and after optimization was carried out.The results show that by optimizing the motor structure,the torque pulsation is reduced at rated operating conditions and the electromagnetic vibration noise is effectively reduced from 49.55 to 44.479 dBA,which indicates that the optimization scheme has a good effect on the electromagnetic vibration and noise characteristics of the motor,and finally prototype experiments are performed to verify the validity of the simulation.