农田整治对农户撂荒行为的影响——基于“农田整治—要素市场—作物布局”治理策略的分析

Impact of Farmland Renovation on Farmers'Abandonment Behavior:Analysis Clues Based on the Management Strategy of“Farmland Remediation-Factor Market-Crop Layout”

农地撂荒及其治理问题一直备受学界关注。构建“农田整治—要素市场—作物布局”的农地撂荒治理策略的分析线索,重点考察农田整治及其与要素市场的互动对农户撂荒行为产生的影响。分析结果表明:(1)农田整治对农户耕地撂荒行为具有显著的抑制效果,实施农田整治能使农户撂荒的概率减少约54%。(2)机制检验表明,农田整治通过提升耕地生产能力和资本要素替代水平两条路径抑制了农户的撂荒行为。(3)异质性分析表明,如果农田整治项目只注重工程建设,其对农户撂荒的抑制效果相对有限;如果工程建设与地权权属调整相结合则可以有效缓解农户撂荒。(4)进一步的证据表明,农田整治不仅是一项重要的治理策略,还与农业要素市场和区域连片种植两类治理策略存在关联性与协同性。农田整治兼具工程建设与权属调整,二者不可偏废,应该有机结合,协同治理耕地撂荒。此外,在治理过程中应充分发挥“有为政府”的引导性作用,为市场与组织的作用发挥提供制度保障。

The issue of farmland abandonment and its management has garnered significant attention from scholars.This paper aims to establish analytical clues for a farmland abandonment management strategy within the crop layout of the farmland reclamation factor market.It focuses on the impact of farmland reclamation and its interaction with the factor market on farmers'abandonment behavior.The analysis results indicate that:(1)farmland renovation significantly inhibits farmers'abandonment behavior,with the implementation of renovation projects reducing the probability of abandonment by approximately 54%.(2)Mechanism tests reveal that farmland renovation curbs abandonment through two pathways:enhancing farmland productivity and increasing the substitution level of capital factors.(3)Heterogeneity analysis suggests that if farmland renovation projects concentrate solely on engineering construction,their inhibitory effect on abandonment is relatively modest.However,combining project construction with land ownership adjustments can effectively mitigate farmers'abandonment of farmland.(4)Further evidence demonstrates that farmland renovation is not only a crucial management strategy but also exhibits correlation and synergistic effects with the management strategies of the agricultural land factor market and regional contiguous planting.The present paper underscores the importance of both project construction and ownership adjustment in farmland renovation;neither should be overlooked and both should be organically integrated for the coordinated management of farmland abandonment.Additionally,the governance process should leverage the leading role of the government to provide institutional support for the functions of the market and organizations.