实验室气候环境模拟应用进展

Overview of Applications and Technological Progress for Climatic Environment Simulation in Laboratory

实验室气候环境模拟用来模拟气压、气温、湿度、风速、降水、日照和特定天气状况等气候气象以及太空行星大气等环境因素,试验、测试计量、考核评价特定对象(人和物)对气候环境等的适应性、耐久性,以及研究气候气象乃至太空环境影响的相关科学技术,从20世纪出现以来具有越来越重要的研究应用价值。本文回顾了国内外气候环境模拟在生物、农业、航空航天、汽车交通、建筑、兵器、太空探索等产业领域及科学工程等方面的试验、测试计量及应用等工程项目,介绍了相关温、压、湿、风、雨、雪、雾霾等相关模拟设备的技术及系统平台,展示了这一领域在国内外几十年来的应用研究进展,并对该领域在科学和产业应用、精密调控、仿真、虚拟现实和增强乃至太空环境模拟及生命支持研究等领域的发展进行了分析和展望。

In the climatic environment simulation test laboratory,air pressure,temperature,humidity,wind speed,precipitation,sunshine and specific weather conditions,even the environment of space and planet atmosphere can be simulated in the indoor facilities.The adaptability and durability are assessed for human beings or the specific objects.Furthermore,science and technology are studied for the impact of climate,meteorology,and even space environment.Since 1900s,the study of simulation test laboratory has been a frontier in various scientific and technological applications.In the paper,a series of projects on climatic environment simulation fields of biology,agriculture,aerospace,transportation,construction,weapons,and space explorations as well as on science and engineering are reviewed.The advancement of simulation technologies and systems for the environment element simulation is discussed.The progress and great potential about its future in the scientific and industrial applications and technological simulation trend in fine adjustment,Virtual Reality(VR)and Augmented Reality(AR),environment simulation and life support in space are projected.