高山美利奴羊肉品质分析及脂肪酸特征研究

Study on meat quality analysis and fatty acid characteristics of Alpine Merino sheep

试验旨在探究高山美利奴羊肉品质及脂肪酸特征。选取12月龄高山美利奴公、母羊各15只,分为公羊组和母羊组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只羊,取背最长肌测定屠宰性能和肉品质。预试期14 d,正式试验期120 d。结果显示,高山美利奴羊公羊组宰前体重、胴体重、净肉重、眼肌面积、GR值、背脂厚度、尾重均显著高于母羊组(P<0.05)。公羊组肉色L*值显著高于母羊组(P<0.05),a*值显著低于母羊组(P<0.05)。公羊组羊肉的粗脂肪含量、熟肉率显著低于母羊组(P<0.05),滴水损失、剪切力显著高于母羊组(P<0.05)。两组羊肉中均检测出17种氨基酸,公羊组和母羊组羊肉中的氨基酸总量分别为18.40%和18.53%。公羊组和母羊组分别检测出24、23种脂肪酸,其中顺-10-十七碳一烯酸(C17∶1)含量最高,分别为0.559、0.555 g/100 g。研究表明,高山美利奴羊羊肉品质优良,富含多种氨基酸和脂肪酸,营养组成均衡,可为高山美利奴羊扩繁推广及产业化开发提供参考。

The experiment aimed to explore the meat quality and fatty acid characteristics of Alpine Merino sheep.A total of fifteen 12-month-old Alpine Merino male and female sheep were divided into male group and female group with three replicates per group and five sheep per replicate,and meat quality of longissimus dorsi muscle were measured.The preliminary trial period was 14 days,and the formal experimental period was 120 days.The results showed that the pre-slaughter body weight,carcass weight,net meat weight,eye muscle area,GR value,back fat thickness,and tail weight of male sheep group were significantly higher than those of female sheep group(P<0.05).Meat color L*value of male sheep group was significantly higher than that of female sheep group,and a*value was significantly lower than that of female sheep group(P<0.05).The fat content and cooked meat percentage in male sheep group were significantly lower than those in emale sheep group(P<0.05),and the drip loss and shear force were significantly higher than those in female sheep group(P<0.05).17 kinds of amino acids were detected in both groups.The total amino acids in two groups were 18.40%and 18.53%,respectively.The male sheep group and the female sheep group detected 24 and 23 types of fatty acids,respectively,with the highest content of cis-10-heptadecenoic acid(C17:1)being 0.559,0.555 g/100 g,respectively.The study indicates that the meat quality of Alpine Merino sheep was excellent,rich in various amino acids and fatty acids,and the nutritional composition was balanced,which can provide a reference for the expansion and industrialization of Alpine Merino sheep.