沙门氏菌感染家禽的致病与免疫应答机制研究进展

Research progress on pathogenicity and immune response mechanism of Salmonella infected poultry

沙门氏菌可引起禽类感染并导致肠道病变,通过食品传播引发人类食源性感染。沙门氏菌能够通过口腔摄入进入家禽肠道,黏附和入侵肠上皮细胞,利用M细胞和巨噬细胞实现细胞内存活和繁殖,引起肠道病变和全身侵袭。毒力基因和质粒在此过程中调控,包括沙门氏菌致病岛(SPI)-1和SPI-2编码的Ⅲ型分泌系统和诱导的丝状物形成,有助于细菌逃避宿主防御。禽类可通过调节先天免疫系统和适应性免疫系统的协同作用,增强机体对沙门氏菌的清除能力。文章阐述了沙门氏菌的病原学、传播途径、发病机制和免疫应答机制,以期为沙门氏菌感染家禽的进一步研究提供参考。

Salmonella can cause infection in poultry and lead to intestinal lesions,and food-borne infections in humans through food transmission.Salmonella enters the intestines of poultry through oral ingestion,adheres to and invades intestinal epithelial cells,uses M cells and macrophages to achieve intracellular survival and reproduction,and causes intestinal lesions and systemic invasion.Virulence genes and plasmids are regulated during this process,including SPI-1 and SPI-2 encoded typeⅢsecretion systems and induced filamentous formation that help bacteria evade host defenses.Birds enhance their ability to clear Salmonella by regulating the synergistic effect of innate immune system and adaptive immune system.In this paper,the etiology,transmission route,pathogenesis and immune response mechanism of Salmonella were described,in order to provide reference for further study of Salmonella infection in poultry.