我国草地畜牧业生态效率的测度及影响因素研究

Research on measurement and influencing factors of ecological efficiency in grassland animal husbandry in China

客观评价草地畜牧业生态效率,是促进农业可持续发展与农业现代化发展的重要环节。选取2013—2022年30个省级面板数据,并运用超效率SBM-Undesirable模型和Tobit模型,对我国草地畜牧业生态效率与影响因素进行验证。结果显示,在研究期间内,我国草地畜牧业整体生态效率呈波动上升趋势,且仍有较大提升空间;我国草地畜牧业生态效率呈现出较明显空间非均衡特征,具体表现为东部地区最高、东北部与中部地区次之、西部地区最低;农村地区经济发展水平、城镇化率、财政支持力度、草地畜牧业劳动生产率以及农村地区基础设施建设均可显著提升我国草地畜牧业生态效率。其中,农村地区基础设施建设的促进作用最为显著。基于此,提出着力培育新型草地畜牧业经营主体、大力推动农村地区基础设施建设以及实施差异化草地畜牧业发展策略的政策建议,以期为提升我国草地畜牧业生态效率提供借鉴。

Objectively evaluating the ecological efficiency of grassland animal husbandry is an important link in promoting sustainable and modern agricultural development.Select 30 provincial panel data from 2013 to 2022,and use the super efficiency SBM Undesirable model and Tobit model to verify the ecological efficiency and influencing factors of grassland animal husbandry in China.The results showed that during the research period,the overall ecological efficiency of grassland animal husbandry in China showed a fluctuating upward trend,and there is still significant room for improvement.The ecological efficiency of grassland animal husbandry in China shows obvious spatial non-equilibrium characteristics,with the highest in the eastern region,followed by the northeast and central regions,and the lowest in the western region.The level of economic development,urbanization rate,financial support,labor productivity of grassland animal husbandry,and infrastructure construction in rural areas can significantly improve the ecological efficiency of grassland animal husbandry in China.Among them,the promotion effect of infrastructure construction in rural areas is the most significant.Based on this,policy recommendations are proposed to focus on cultivating new types of grassland animal husbandry operators,vigorously promoting infrastructure construction in rural areas,and implementing differentiated grassland animal husbandry development strategies,in order to provide reference for improving the ecological efficiency of grassland animal husbandry in China.