重庆秀山溶溪组中华棘鱼形态学与组织学研究

Morphology and Histology of Sinacanthus in the Rongxi Formation of Xiushan,Chongqing

对重庆秀山志留纪兰多维列世溶溪组地层中采集到的中华棘鱼棘刺化石开展深入研究,通过形态学特征分析和组织学切片研究,发现中华棘鱼在重庆秀山溶溪组地层中广泛分布且种类齐全,包括武昌中华棘鱼、平刺新中华棘鱼、塔里木巴楚鱼、澧县湖南棘鱼等,这是四种中华棘鱼在重庆地区的首次报道,证明早在4.4亿年前志留纪早期就有大量的有颌类生活于此.而在溶溪组中采获的大量中华棘鱼类的棘刺化石与过去已有材料相比具有更好的组织学结构,进一步揭开中华棘鱼类的神秘面纱,证明中华棘鱼类并非基干软骨鱼类(棘鱼类),对世界最早软骨鱼类的形态学特征和组织学特征有新的认知.

In this paper,Sinacanthus spines from the Silurian(Llandovian)Rongxi Formation of Xiushan County,Chongqing are investigated through morphological analysis and histological section research to find that Sinacanthus was widely distributed in the Rongxi Formation,including Sinacanthus wuchangensis,Sinacanthus sp.,Tarimacanthhus bachuensis,Neosinacanthus planispinatus,Neosinacanthus sp.1,Hunanacanthus lixianensis,and so on.This is the first report of four species of Sinacanthus in Chongqing,proving that many gnathostomes lived here as early as 440 million years ago in the early Silurian period.A large number of spiny fossils of Sinacanthus from the Rongxi Formation had better histological structure than the existing materials,which further revealed the mystery of Sinacanthus and proved that Sinacanthus is not stem chondrichthyan.The research revealed the morphological and histological characteristics of the earliest chondrichthyan in the world.