惯常类列举构式在会话中的形式与功能

The Form and Function of Conventionalized List Construction in Mandarin Conversation

本文以惯常类列举构式为研究对象,通过考察自然会话语料,发现它们尽管有少数表现出韵律上的松散性和词汇、句法上的变化性,但绝大多数表现出无标紧联和不改变词汇、句法的倾向。听者往往可以快速识解后积极回应或再次实例化。惯常类列举构式在互动交际中的基本功能是弱列举并突出较稳固的上位概念。它们在会话中通常作为旧信息或可及性高的信息参与话题管理。组成成分的语义密切相关性使其常用于强化立场表达。

This article takes the conventionalized list construction as the object of study,and by examining the natural conversational data,we find that although a few of them show prosodic looseness and lexical and syntactic variability,the vast majority of them still show a tendency to be unmarked tightly linked and unaltered lexically and syntactically.The listener can quickly comprehend and respond actively or instantiate them again.The basic function of conventionalized list construction in conversation is to weakly list and highlight more stable categories.They are often used in conversations as given or highly accessible information for topic management.The semantic close association of the constituent elements makes them also commonly used to reinforce stance expressions.