设计先导的公共空间新型便器开发构想研究

Research on the Development Concept of New Toilets in Public Spaces with Leading Design

在公共建筑中,如厕便器的使用体验和卫生状况一直是备受关注的问题。为了解决这些现存问题,本文提出一种新型便器设计方案,并通过仿真与实验检验其合理性。首先通过问卷调查与案例分析,归纳细化现存问题与设计方向,分析如厕方式并推导设计要点,对便器进行创新设计;其次以中国成年人人体尺寸标准为依据,推导出结构尺寸;最后开展2D人体模型仿真分析、有限元仿真分析、耐受度测评实验以及人体表面肌电力水平测试实验,检验与完善坐蹲便的人机适配性。本文将设计创新介入行为方式研究,利用人机工程学中仿真与实验方法指导与评价产品设计,为探索更加合理的公共卫生间如厕方式带来新的思路。

The user experience and hygiene conditions of toilets in public buildings have long been issues of concern.To address these challenges,this paper proposes an innovative toilet design scheme and validates its feasibility through simulation and experimentation.First,existing problems and design directions are summarized through questionnaire surveys and case analyses.Toilet usage behaviors are examined,and design principles are derived to inform the innovation process.Second,structural dimensions are determined based on the anthropometric standards of Chinese adults.Finally,2D human model simulations,finite element analysis,tolerance evaluation experiments,and surface electromyography(sEMG)tests are conducted to test and refine the ergonomics of the squatting-sitting hybrid toilet design.By integrating design innovation into behavioral studies and utilizing simulation and experimental methods from ergonomics to guide and evaluate product design,this study provides new insights for exploring more rational toilet usage methods in public restrooms.