中国露营活动网络关注的时空特征及影响因素

The Temporal and Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Camping Activity Network in China

当前,露营活动日益成为我国群众喜闻乐见的户外生活方式,其热度居高不下,关注度与参与度迎来爆发式增长。文章利用2012—2021年百度搜索指数,运用指数分析、空间可视化表达及地理探测器等研究方法,探究中国露营网络关注度的时空特征及影响因素,得出结论如下:(1)时间特征上,中国露营网络关注度呈现不断增长的态势,露营市场前景较好。具体来说,其发展进程可分为爆发式增长、平稳增长、短暂回落及新冠肺炎疫情期间的再次爆发4个阶段;露营关注的季节性差异较大,年内分布不均匀,旺季多为气候适宜、公众较为闲暇的时段,反之则为淡季;公众关注露营活动的日类型分布存在一定程度的前兆效应,但受露营热度提高和疫情不确定性的影响,网络关注的实时性有所增强。(2)空间特征上,全国范围内露营网络关注度的空间分布不断趋于均匀,但当前省域间的关注差异依然显著;区域间的露营网络关注度呈现东、中、西递减的态势;区域内,西部地区各省(区、市)的关注差异大于中部和东部地区。(3)影响因素上,中国露营网络关注度的时空差异是多方面因素共同作用的结果,其主要受自然气候条件、经济发达程度、网络普及度及旅游业发展水平4项因素影响,其中,自然气候条件是基础因素,经济和旅游发展水平是最重要的影响因素。此外,社会突发公共事件、相关官方政策以及热门赛事产生的流量话题等其他因素的影响亦不可小觑。基于研究结论,文章对露营网络关注度所反映的露营产业发展现状进行讨论,最终提炼出我国露营产业的发展启示,例如高效、灵活地应对疫情等突发事件,把握行业机遇,推动露营产业与其他产业的深度融合,精准调控供给与营销策略等。

At present,camping has increasingly become an outdoor lifestyle popular among Chinese people.Its popularity remains high,and its attention and participation have witnessed explosive growth.By using Baidu Search Index from 2012 to 2021 and using index analysis,spatial visualization expression and correlation test,this paper explored the temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of China’s camping network attention,and drew the following conclusions:(1)In terms of time characteristics,China’s camping network attention shows a growing trend,and the camping market has a good prospect.To be specific,its development process can be divided into four stages:explosive growth,steady positive growth,brief decline and re-outbreak in the epidemic era.The seasonal difference of camping concern is large and the distribution is not uniform within the year.The peak season for the climate is suitable and the public have more leisure time,on the contrary is the off-season.Finally,the daily distribution of public attention on camping activities had a precursor effect to a certain extent,but the real-time nature of online attention was enhanced due to the increasing popularity of camping and the uncertainty of the epidemic.(2)In terms of spatial characteristics,the spatial distribution of the attention of camping network tends to be uniform nationwide,but the differences between provinces are still significant.Inter-regional camping network attention shows a decreasing trend in the east,middle and west.Within the region,the differences of concern among provinces in the western region are greater than those in the central and eastern regions.(3)In terms of influencing factors,the spatio-temporal difference of online attention in China is the result of many factors,which are mainly affected by natural climate conditions,economic development level,Internet popularity and tourism development level.Among them,natural climate conditions are the basic factor,and economic and tourism development level are the most important influencing factors.In addition,the influence of other factors such as public emergencies,relevant official policies and public leisure should not be underestimated.Based on the research conclusions,this paper discusses the development status of the camping industry reflected by the attention of the camping network,and finally summarizes the inspirations for the development of the camping industry in China,such as efficiently and flexibly responding to the epidemic and other emergencies,seizing industry opportunities,promoting the deep integration of the camping industry with other industries,and accurately regulating supply and marketing strategies.