中国农业农村新质生产力水平测度及影响因素分析

Measurement of the Level of New Quality Productive Forces in Agriculture and Rural Areas of China and Analysis of Influencing Factors

利用熵权TOPSIS法对2013—2022年中国农业农村新质生产力水平进行测度,并利用Dagum基尼系数法、空间相关性分析法和系统GMM法细致探析中国农业农村新质生产力水平测度的时空演化趋势及影响因素。研究发现:考察期内中国农业农村新质生产力水平整体呈现稳步上升趋势,但存在不平衡、不稳定现象。分地区而言,东部地区农业农村新质生产力水平最高,中部和东北部地区次之,西部地区最低;分省份而言,中国各省份农业农村新质生产力水平存在显著差距。中国农业农村新质生产力水平存在较强空间正相关性。中国农业农村新质生产力水平的总体差异不断降低,且地区间差异是造成总体差异的主要原因。经济发展水平、城镇化水平、科技创新水平、财政支农力度等因素均能够提升中国农业农村新质生产力水平。据此,提出完善农业农村新质生产力发展体系、健全差异化农业农村生产机制、统筹优化农业农村生产资源举措,为中国农业农村新质生产力发展提供参考。

This article uses the entropy weight TOPSIS method to measure the level of new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas from 2013 to 2022 and uses the Dagum Gini coefficient method,spatial correlation analysis method,and system GMM method to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution trend and influencing factors of the level of new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas.Research has found that during the inspection period,the overall level of new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas showed a steady upward trend,but there were imbalances and instability.In terms of regions,the eastern region has the highest level of new quality productive forces in agriculture and rural areas,followed by the central and northeastern regions,and the western region has the lowest level.In terms of provinces,there are significant differences in the level of new quality productive forces in agriculture and rural areas among different provinces in China,and there is a strong spatial positive correlation in that level.The overall difference in the level of new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas is continuously decreasing,and regional differences are the main reason for the overall difference.Factors such as economic development level,urbanization level,technological innovation level,and the intensity of fiscal support for agriculture can effectively enhance new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas.Based on these,this article proposes measures to improve the development system of new quality productive forces in agriculture and rural areas,improve differentiated agricultural and rural production mechanisms,and coordinate and optimize agricultural and rural production resources,so as to provide reference for the development of new quality productive forces in China's agriculture and rural areas.