西北某铁路局机车乘务员职业紧张与睡眠情况调查

Investigation of occupational stress and sleep quality of train drivers in a railway bureau in Northwest China

目的调查西北某铁路企业机车乘务员职业紧张和睡眠质量状况,为改善该地区机车乘务人员职业紧张程度和睡眠情况提供基础资料。方法选用职业紧张量表(Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition,OSI-R)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep Quality Index,PSQI)对4830名铁路机车乘务员开展问卷调查。结果机车乘务员职业任务问卷得分为(175.62±31.16)分,高于西南地区常模(t=0.73,P<0.01),低于技术人员常模(t=1.88,P<0.01);紧张反应问卷得分为(109.32±20.98)分,高于西南地区常模、技术人员常模(t=0.94、1.35,均P<0.01);个体应对资源问卷得分为(120.11±23.00)分,低于西南地区常模、技术人员常模(t=1.43、0.79,均P<0.01)。机车乘务员睡眠质量总分(5.70±1.97)分,高于全国常模(t=62.434,P<0.01)。高度、中度职业紧张组机车乘务员睡眠质量低于低度职业紧张组(F=46.442、15.780,均P<0.01)。结论机车乘务员职业紧张和睡眠质量状况较差;不同职业特征对职业紧张和睡眠质量有影响。建议予以干预,改善睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the occupationalstress and sleep quality among train drivers in the northwest,and provide basic information for improving occupational stress and sleep conditions in the region.Methods A questionnaire survey of 4830 train drivers was conducted using the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition(OSI-R)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results The Occupational Roles Questionnaire of the tiain drivers was scored(175.62±31.16),which was higher than the national norm(t=0.73,P<0.01),below the technical personnel norm(t=1.88,P<0.01).The Personal Strain Questionnaire of train drivers was scored(109.32±20.98),which is higher than the national norm and technical personnel norm(t=0.94,1.35,all P<0.01).The Personal Resources Questionnaire score of train drivers(120.11±23.00),was below the national norm and the technical personnel norm(t=1.43,0.79,P<0.01).The PSQI score(5.70±1.97)of the train drivers was higher than the national norm(t=62.434,P<0.01).High and moderate occupational stress group train drivers′s sleep quality is lower than the low-level occupational stress group(F=46.442,15.780,all P<0.01).Conclusion The occupational stress and sleep quality of train drivers in this region are low;different occupational characteristics impact the occupational stress and sleep quality.It is recommended to intervene and improve sleep quality.