土壤中微塑料污染及处理技术综述

Review of Microplastic Pollution and Its Treatment Technology in Soil

微塑料作为一种小尺寸的塑料废弃物,其直径普遍小于5 mm,并且在自然界中极难被降解。针对土壤中的微塑料污染及处理方法展开讨论,从微塑料的来源和污染现状入手,对土壤环境的微塑料来源的复杂性和污染的严重性做了详细阐述。探讨了土壤中的微塑料对土壤中动植物、微生物的潜在影响,如对土壤动植物的生长代谢、微生物的活性以及生物多样性产生不良影响。总结了土壤中微塑料的治理技术及优缺点,并对土壤中微塑料的处理技术面临的挑战及未来研究方向进行了展望,为土壤生态系统的可持续发展贡献力量。

As a small-sized plastic waste,microplastics are generally less than 5 mm in diameter and are extremely difficult to degrade in nature.In this paper,microplastic pollution in soil and its treatment methods were discussed.Starting from the source and pollution status of microplastics,the complexity of the source of microplastics in soil environment and the severity of pollution were elaborated.The potential effects of microplastics in soil on plants,animals and microorganisms in soil were discussed,such as adverse effects on the growth and metabolism of soil plants and animals,microbial activity and biodiversity.The paper summarized the treatment technologies of microplastics in soil,their advantages and disadvantages,and prospected the challenges and future research directions of the treatment technologies of microplastics in soil,so as to contribute to the sustainable development of soil ecosystem.