中国居民医疗系统综合评价水平的影响因素研究——基于2011年和2021年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据的实证分析

Study on influencing factors of Chinese residents comprehensive evaluation level of healthcare system—an empirical analysis based on the data of 2011 and 2021 China General Social Survey(CGSS)

[目的]对比2011年和2021年中国居民医疗系统综合评价水平及其影响因素,分析其10年变迁,为深化我国医药卫生体制改革,促进医疗卫生系统可持续发展提供实证依据。[方法]利用2011年和2021年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,构建包含人口特征、社会环境和医疗服务的三维居民医疗系统综合评价影响因素分析框架,借助SPSS等工具完成差异建立多元线性回归模型,分析居民医疗系统综合评价的影响因素。[结果]2021年我国居民对医疗卫生系统综合评价水平的均值为3.97,较2011年(3.50)有所提高。近期诊疗满意度(2021年β=0.311,2011年β=0.310)、优质医疗可及性(2021年β=0.234,2011年β=0.156)是居民医疗系统综合评价的最主要的影响因素。[结论]10年间居民对医疗卫生系统的综合评价水平有所提升,居民对医疗系统的综合评价时最关注的是医疗服务质量和医疗资源可及性,提高促进居民社会公平感和对当地政府的信任程度的提高有助于提升其对医疗系统的综合评价水平。

Objective This paper compares Chinese residents comprehensive evaluation of healthcare system and its influencing factors in 2011 and 2021,and analyzes its changes in the past 10 years,providing empirical evidence for deepening the reform of China s medical and healthcare system and promoting the sustainable development of medical and healthcare system.Methods Based on the data of 2011 and 2021 China General Social Survey(CGSS),a three-dimensional analytical framework for the factors influencing the residents comprehensive evaluation of the healthcare system,including demographic characteristics,social environment and medical services,was constructed.SPSS and other tools were used to complete the analysis of differences and establish a multivariate linear regression model to analyze the factors influencing the residents comprehensive evaluation of healthcare system.Results The mean value of comprehensive evaluation of the medical and health system of Chinese residents in 2021 was 3.97,which was higher than that in 2011(3.50).Recent diagnosis and treatment satisfaction(β=0.311 in 2021,β=0.310 in 2011)and access to quality healthcare(β=0.234 in 2021,β=0.156 in 2011)were the most important factors influencing the residents comprehensive evaluation of healthcare system.Conclusions Residents overall evaluation of the medical and healthcare system has been improved over the past 10 years.The quality of medical services and the accessibility of medical resources are the most important concerns in residents comprehensive evaluation of the healthcare system.The improvement of residents sense of social justice and trust in the local government help improve their comprehensive evaluation of the healthcare system.