女性主义平等政治视域下法律范式的转型与挑战

The Transformation and Challenges of the Legal Paradigms from the Perspective of Feminist Politics of Equality

随着多元主义时代的到来,自由主义法律范式与福利国家法律范式已无法适应当前复杂多变的社会情境,私人自主与公共自主之间的零和博弈、法律平等与事实平等之间的冲突日益明显。在此背景下,哈贝马斯试图通过构建一种程序主义法律范式来为相关的权利和平等问题提供协商的公共领域,从而解决法的合法性问题。但在女性主义批判理论家看来,公共领域的女性主义潜力被哈贝马斯的普遍主义预设抹除,结构性不平等带来的对边缘性群体的无意识压迫也未能进入哈贝马斯的考量之中。因此,一种旨在达成理解的对话能否免于话语霸权的干预,真正实现每个个体的自主性,仍有待商榷。

With the advent of the pluralism era,the social-welfare and liberal paradigms of law become unable to adapt to the current complex and changing social situations,with the zero-sum game between private and public autonomy,and the conflict between legal and factual equality being increasingly obvious.In this context,Habermas attempted to address the legitimacy of law by constructing a procedural legal paradigm to provide a public sphere for negotiation of related rights and equality issues.However,from the perspective of feminist critical theorists,the feminist potential of the public sphere has been erased by Habermas's universalism presupposition,and the unconscious oppression of marginal groups caused by structural inequality has not been included in Habermas's consideration.Therefore,it remains to be debated whether a dialogue aiming to reach understanding can be free from the intervention of discourse hegemony and truly realize the autonomy of each individual.