长期护理保险对中老年人未满足长期照护需求的作用及影响因素研究

The Impacts of Long-term Care Insurance on the Unmet Long-term Care Needs of Middle-aged and Older Adults

目的本文探究了中国长期护理保险(长护险)对中老年人未满足长期照护需求的作用及其影响因素。方法基于2013—2018年3期中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,通过双重差分法探究长护险对中老年人未满足长期照护需求的影响。结果研究发现,长护险的实施使得我国45岁及以上中老年人的长期照护需求平均释放了0.051个(P<0.1),未满足的长期照护需求平均增加了0.045个(P<0.05)。同时,异质性分析表明,长护险实施促进了城市地区居民、农业户口居民、高收入群体及中重度失能群体长期照护需求及未满足需求的增长。结论以上结果显示了长护险在减轻家庭照护负担、促进照护需求释放上的作用,为我国长护险试点工作的进一步推进提供了指导意义。

Objective This paper explores the role of long-term care insurance(LTCI)in China on the unmet long-term care needs of middle-aged and elderly people and its influencing factors.Methods Based on China health and retirement longitudinal study data for 3 periods from 2013 to 2018.We use difference-in-difference method to explore the impacts of LTCI on unmet long-term care needs of middle-aged and elderly people.Results The implementation of LTCI resulted in an average release of 0.051 long-term care needs(P<0.1)and an average increase of 0.045 unmet long-term care needs(P<0.05)among middle-aged and older adults aged 45 years and older in China.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the implementation of LTCI promotes the growth of long-term care needs and unmet needs of residents in urban areas,rural hukou residents,high-income residents and moderately and severely disabled residents.Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the role of LTCI in reducing family caregiving burden and promoting the release of caregiving demand,and provide guidance for the further promotion of LTCI in China.