一种空运集装箱式生物隔离转运救治装备的设计

Design of aero containerized transfer and treatment device for biologically contaminated patients

目的:设计一种轻量化、模块化的空运集装箱式生物隔离转运救治装备,以实现对批量传染病患者高效、安全、可靠的救治和转运后送。方法:该装备箱体采用ISO 66840 ft(1ft=30.48 cm)标准箱,使用铝合金板+新型低密度保温材料+医用防火板制作,箱壁使用铝合金板蜂窝板+防火保温材料+内饰板制作,主要由负压控制及环控系统、生命支持系统、智能控制与信息交互系统和综合保障系统组成。其中,负压控制及环控系统主要由动力分布式无风道贯通型通风系统和梯度压差智能控制系统组成,生命支持系统主要由救治模块、保障模块和医技模块组成,智能控制与信息交互系统主要由集装箱信息自动监控与交互模块、多方式通信模块和医疗信息与远程医疗模块组成,综合保障系统由供电模块、供排水模块和供氧模块组成。结果:经测试,该装备的关键指标优于美国的集装箱式生物隔离防护系统,可满足对批量传染病患者的长航时航空转运及陆海空联运转运救治。结论:该装备具有生物安全性高、生命支持能力强等优点,在满足空运快速转运救治需求的同时,可为传染病患者的全域联运转运提供装备支撑。

Objective To design a lightweight and modular air container-based bio-isolated transfer and treatment device for efficient,safe and reliable treatment and evacuation of massive infectious patients.Methods The device had an ISO 66840 ft(1 ft=30.48 cm)standard container as its body,which was made of aluminum alloy plate,new low-density heat preservation material and medical fireproof board,and its wall was manufactured using aluminum alloy honeycomb plate,fireproof insulation material and interior panel.The main components of the device included a negative-pressure control and envoiron-mental control system,a life support system,an intelligent control and information interaction system and a comprehensive support system.The negative-pressure control and envoironmental control system was composed of a distributed power supply ventilation system without air ducts and an intelligent control system for gradient pressure difference,the life support system was made up of a treatment module,a support module and a medical technical module,the intelligent control and information interaction system comprised a container information auto monitoring and interaction module,a multi-mode communication module and a telemedicine module,and the comprehensive support system consisted of a power supply module,a water supply and drainage module and an oxygen supply module.Results The device proved to behave better than the containerized biocontainment system of the U.S.army in key indictors,which could be used for long-voyage transmodality and treatment for massive infectious patients.Conclusion The device developed gains advantages in biosafety and life support,which facilitates all-domain transmodality of infectious patients while meeting the demand for rapid air transportation and treatment.