基于PLC和LabVIEW的矿用钻机钻进参数监测系统设计

Design of Drilling Parameter Monitoring System for Mining Drilling Rig Based on PLC and LabVIEW

为实时监测液压钻机钻进过程参数,实现钻机钻进过程中工况监测,设计了一种以PLC为控制核心的矿用钻机钻进参数监测系统。钻进参数监测系统具有钻进参数的自动显示、采集、记录、处理和工况识别等功能,详细介绍了硬件传感器选型及原理、防爆设计和基于LabVIEW开发的软件设计等关键技术。通过在钻机性能测试平台上进行室内性能测试对比实验,及搭建相似实验平台开展井上模拟实验,并对监测的数据进行分析,实验结果表明:在性能测试对比实验中,扭矩的测量误差约为0.069%,转速的测量误差为0.014 75%,钻压的测量误差为0.063 8%,钻进参数监测系统测量误差均低于0.12%,验证钻机钻进参数监测系统的准确性与可靠性;在井上模拟试验中,当钻头遇到硬度大的岩石层时,钻头旋转破碎的阻力增大,随之扭矩与钻压值变大,钻速与转速值减小,当钻头遇到硬度小的松软煤层时,钻头旋转破碎的阻力减小,扭矩与钻压值减小,钻速与转速值增大。该系统的设计为煤矿井下钻进装备自动化及智能化发展打下基础。

In order to monitor the process parameters of hydraulic drilling rig in real time and realise the monitoring of working conditions during the drilling process of the drilling rig,a drilling parameter monitoring system for mining drilling rig based on PLC as the control core was designed.The drilling parameter monitoring system had the functions of automatic display,acquisition,recording,processing and working condition identification of drilling parameters,etc.The key technologies such as hardware sensor selection and principle,explosion-proof design and software design based on LabVIEW development were introduced in detail.By conducting indoor performance test comparison experiments on the rig performance test platform,and building similar experimental platforms to carry out on-well simulation experiments,and analysing the monitored data,the experimental results show that in the performance test comparison experiments,the measurement error of torque is about 0.069%,the measurement error of rotational speed is 0.01475%,and the measurement error of drilling pressure is 0.0638%,and the measurement errors of drillingparameter monitoring system are all less than 0.12%,which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the drilling parameter monitoring system.In the well simulation test,when the drill bit encounters the rock layer with large hardness,the resistance of the drill bit rotating and crushing increases,and then the values of the torque and drilling pressure become larger,and the values of the drilling speed and rotational speed decrease,when the drill bit encounters the soft coal layer with small hardness,the resistance of the drill bit rotating and crushing decreases,the values of the torque and drilling pressure decrease,and the values of the drilling speed and rotational speed increase.The design of this system lays a foundation for the automation and intelligent development of underground drilling equipment in coal mines.