栽培密度与氮肥用量互作对叶用甘薯光合特性及产量、品质的影响

Effects of different planting densities and fertilizer configurations on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of vegetabley sweet potato

为明确黄淮地区不同栽培密度和氮肥用量对叶用甘薯生产的影响,以颚菜薯10号为试材,采用裂区试验设计,主区为栽培密度(18、21、24万株·hm^(-2)),副区为氮肥用量(800、1200、1600、2000 kg·hm^(-2)),研究氮肥用量与种植密度互作对叶用甘薯光合特性、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥用量对叶用甘薯品质影响显著,种植密度对叶用甘薯茎尖生长、产量、光合作用、氮素吸收效率影响极显著,对茎尖品质无显著影响。茎尖粗度、茎尖数、茎尖总产量、功能叶面积、光合特性、氮素吸收效率受交互效应影响显著。其中,D2N3处理(密度21万株·hm^(-2),氮肥1600 kg·hm^(-2))和D2N4处理(密度21万株·hm^(-2),氮肥2000 kg·hm^(-2))可溶性蛋白含量(w,后同)、茎尖产量较高,分别为83.68 mg·g^(-1)、41127.08 kg·hm^(-2)和86.36 mg·g^(-1)、41715.03 kg·hm^(-2),二者间无显著差异;D2N3和D2N4处理的硝酸盐含量分别为25.58、27.22 mg·kg^(-1),二者差异显著。D2N3处理的可溶性糖含量与D1N3、D3N3差异不显著,但显著高于其他处理;D2N3处理的维生素C含量显著高于其他处理,氮素吸收效率与D2N2无显著差异,但显著高于其他处理。综合分析认为,氮肥用量1600 kg·hm^(-2)、密度21万株·hm^(-2)的种植模式最优,可作为黄淮地区叶用甘薯生产的最优配置在生产中推广。

To clarify the effects of different cultivation densities and nitrogen fertilizer application rates on the production of vegetabley sweet potato in the Huang Huai region,this experiment used Eshu 10 as the test material and adopted a split zone experimental design.The main zone was the cultivation density(180000,210000,240000 plants·hm^(-2)),and the sub zone was the nitrogen fertilizer application rate(800,1200,1600,2000 kg·hm^(-2)).The study investigated the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer application rate and planting density on the photosynthetic characteristics,yield,and quality of vegetabley sweet potato.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer application had significant impact on the quality of vegetabley sweet potato,while planting density had highly significant effect on the growth,yield,photosynthesis,and nitrogen absorption efficiency of leaf sweet potato stem tips,but had no significant effect on stem tip quality.The thickness and number of stem tips,total stem tip yield,functional leaf area,photosynthetic characteristics,and nitrogen absorption efficiency were significantly affected by the interaction effect.Among them,the D2N3 treatment(density 210000 plants·hm^(-2),nitrogen fertilizer 1600 kg·hm^(-2))and the D2N4 treatment(density 210000 plants·hm^(-2),nitrogen fertilizer 2000 kg·hm^(-2))had higher soluble protein content and stem tip yield,which were 83.68 mg·g^(-1),41127.08 kg·hm^(-2)and 86.36 mg·g^(-1),41715.03 kg·hm^(-2),respectively,with no significant difference between the two treatments.The nitrate content was 25.58 and 27.22 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,with significant differences.The soluble sugar content,vitamin C content,and nitrogen absorption efficiency of D2N3 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments.According to comprehensive analysis,the planting mode with a nitrogen fertilizer application of 1600 kg·hm^(-2)and a density of 210000 plants·hm^(-2)can be promoted as the optimal configuration for vegetabley sweet potato production in the Huang Huai region.