2010-2022年海南儋州洋浦地区雷暴和闪电活动特征

Characteristics of Thunderstorms and Lightning Activities in the Danyang Area of Hainan Province from 2010 to 2022

为给海南儋州洋浦(简称儋洋)地区雷电安全工作提供科学依据,利用2020-2022年海口天气雷达和海南系统过程编型集、2010-2022年海南省ADTD闪电定位系统等资料,采用数理统计方法,分析儋洋地区雷暴和闪电活动特征。结果表明:儋洋地区系统性雷暴占六成,局地雷暴占三成,混合型雷暴占一成;混合型雷暴发生地闪的可能性最高(93.8%)、局地雷暴次之(82.5%)、系统性雷暴最低(70.5%)。海南的各种天气系统均会产生雷暴和闪电,低压槽类系统产生的雷暴最多且发生地闪的概率最大(90%左右)。儋洋地区雷暴和地闪活动主要发生在4-10月,地闪活动在13-19时最频繁;多数雷暴在11-17时回波强度增强到35 dBZ以上,且雷暴持续时间大多小于7 h。局地雷暴最多在南部和中部生成,主要向东北方向移动;系统性雷暴主要从南部移入、往西北和东北方向移动。地闪活动呈现南多北少、东多西少的分布特征。雷暴和地闪活动的时空分布具有较好的一致性。

To provide a scientific basis for lightning protection services in the Danyang area of Hainan province,the char-acteristics of thunderstorms and lightning activities were analyzed by mathematical statistics using the data of Haikou weather radar and Hainan weather system process dataset from 2020 to 2022,and the Hainan ADTD lightning location system from 2010 to 2022.The results showed that systematic thunderstorms,local thunderstorms,and mixed thunder-storms accounted for 59.5%,31.2%,and 9.4%respectively in the Danyang area.The probability of cloud-to-ground flash was the highest(93.8%)for mixed thunderstorms,followed by local thunderstorms(82.5%)and systemic thun-derstorms(70.5%).All kinds of weather systems in Hainan can produce thunderstorms and lightning,with low-pres-sure trough systems producing the most thunderstorms and having the highest probability of ground flashes(around 90%).Thunderstorms and ground flash activities mainly occurred from April to October,with the most frequent ground flash activity occurring from 1 to 7 pm.The radar echo intensity of most thunderstorms increased to more than 35 dBZ between 11 am.and 5 pm.,and the duration of thunderstorms was mostly less than 7 hours.The local thunderstorms in the Danyang region mostly originated in the south and central part of the prefecture,and moved mainly to the northeast.Systematic thunderstorms mainly move in the Danyang area from the south,towards the northwest and northeast direc-tions.The distribution characteristics of ground flash activity in the Danyang area were characterized by more in the south and less in the north,and more in the east and less in the west.The spatiotemporal distribution of thunderstorms and cloud-to-ground lightning had good consistency.