健康信息行为视域下“信息流行病”网络扩散研究

Study on the Network Diffusion of“Information Epidemic”in the Context of Health Information Behavior

[目的/意义]本研究旨在探究突发公共卫生事件新情境下,公众的健康信息行为与“信息流行病”网络扩散的内在关系,揭示“信息流行病”的网络扩散规律,丰富健康信息行为领域的研究内容,为应对“信息流行病”的传播,消除“信息流行病”的危害提供参考与借鉴。[方法/过程]以常态化下的COVID-19为例,采用文献调研法、深度访谈法,提炼、构建公众健康信息行为模型;借鉴流行病传播机制理论、二阶健康信息分享生态链模型理论,构建“信息流行病”扩散模型,结合问卷调查、网络搜索行为数据加以分析验证。[结果/结论]研究发现,健康信息行为与“信息流行病”的扩散呈现出相生相伴的紧密关系:健康信息需求是健康信息行为产生的动机与根源,是健康信息传播的内在动力,也是“信息流行病”扩散的驱动力;“信息流行病”的扩散过程伴随着真伪、过载健康信息的搜寻、获取、采纳、与分享行为。基于此,从健康信息供给与健康信息行为主体入手,提出防治“信息流行病”的策略和措施:树立开放、共享、协同治理理念;建立多种权威的健康信息网络平台;完善数字健康干预服务;重视和加强公众健康信息素养、媒介素养教育。

[Purpose/significance]This study aims to explore the intrinsic relationship between the public’s health information behavior and the network diffusion of“information epidemics”in the context of public health emergency,revealing the dissemination laws of“information epidemics”.It seeks to enrich the research content in the domain of health information behavior and provide references and insights for addressing the transmission and eliminating the harm of“information epidemics”.[Method/process]Using the normalized COVID-19 situation as an example,this study employed literature review and in-depth interview methods to refine and construct a model of public health information behavior.Drawing from the theories of epidemic transmission mechanisms and the second-order health information sharing ecosystem model,it constructed a“information epidemic”diffusion model.This was complemented with data collected from questionnaires for further analysis and verification.[Result/conclusion]The study found a closely intertwined relationship between health information behavior and the diffusion of“information epidemics”:the demand for health information acts as the motivation and root for health information behavior and serves as the intrinsic driving force for health information dissemination as well as the propellant for the transmission of“information epidemics”.The diffusion process of“information epidemics”is accompanied by the search,acquisition,adoption,and sharing behavior of genuine and overloaded health information.Based on these findings,strategies and measures to prevent and treat“information epidemics”are proposed from the perspectives of health information supply and the main bodies of health information behavior,which are establishing the concept of open,shared and coordinated governance;establishing a variety of authoritative health information network platforms;improving digital health intervention services;attaching importance to and strengthening public health information literacy and media literacy education.