世界的“铭文”:对基特勒“Aufschrei-besystem”的概念解析及其媒介理论再阐释

The World“Being Inscribed”:Reinterpreting Friedrich Kittler’s Concept of“Aufschreibesystem”and His Media Theory

值此基特勒所著Aufschreibesysteme 1800/1900即将出版40周年之际,本文返回该著,对其核心术语,也是贯穿基特勒媒介理论的基础性概念——“Aufschreibesystem”进行解析。论文分析了英美学界将“Aufschreibesystem”译介为“话语网络”的原因,从词源学上考证其真正含义为——“铭文系统”。本文梳理了该概念与香农—韦弗的信息论、福柯的“外部性”、拉康的精神分析学以及德里达的文字学等渊源和关系,着重揭示出“铭文系统”包含的“铭刻”“转换”“表面”等具体意涵,并通过比较福柯、拉康和德里达的相关思想,勾勒出其“铭文”的世界图景。这不仅打开了基特勒媒介理论中长期被忽视和遮蔽的诸多面向,揭示其构建媒介理论的方法论基础,也为解析历史和当下留下了独特而重要的思想遗产。

On the occasion of the upcoming 40th anniversary of the publication of Aufschreibesysteme 1800/1900 by Friedrich Kittler,the article returns to this work and examines its core term,“Aufschreibesystem”,which is also the basic concept underpinning his media theory.It examines the reasons why“Aufschreibesystem”is translated as“discourse network”in British and American academic circles,and verifies its true meaning from an etymological perspective:inscription system.Additionally,the article explores the origin and relationship between the concept and Shannon-Weaver's information theory,Foucault’s“extériorit”,Lacan’s psychoanalysis and Derrida’s grammatology,and reveals the specific connotations of“inscription”,“transformation”,“surface”.In addition,it outlines the world picture of its“inscription”by comparing the relevant thoughts of Foucault,Lacan and Derrida.This views not only opens up many aspects of Kittler’s media theory that have long been neglected and obscured,but also reveals the methodological basis of his media theory,and leaves a unique and valuable ideological legacy for analysing both history and the present.