要素投入视角下制造业双循环畅通与创新效率提升

Enhancing Innovation Efficiency in Manufacturing Sector through Smooth "Dual Circulation" from the Perspective of Factor Input

高质量要素投入及其优化配置是制造业创新效率提升的重要微观基础。新发展格局下,制造业双循环畅通不仅有助于提升人力资本水平和利用外资质量,夯实要素投入基础,而且有助于优化资源配置,提升创新效率。基于2009—2022年我国制造业行业面板数据,测度制造业双循环水平和创新效率,分析二者之间的关系。研究发现,国内国际双循环畅通及其相互促进,能够显著推动我国制造业创新效率提升,且该结论在进行稳健性和内生性检验后依然成立。中介效应检验结果显示,利用外资质量、人力资本水平、资源配置效率在制造业双循环对创新效率的影响中发挥中介作用,即制造业双循环畅通能够通过提高利用外资质量、人力资本水平、资源配置效率推动创新效率提升。异质性分析结果显示,制造业双循环畅通对创新效率的提升效果因行业技术水平和市场规模不同而存在差异,相比于低技术行业和小规模行业,制造业双循环畅通对高技术行业和大规模行业创新效率的提升作用更显著。调节效应检验结果显示,行业竞争程度在制造业双循环畅通推动创新效率提升过程中发挥调节作用,即竞争程度越高,制造业双循环畅通越有助于创新效率提升。为夯实制造业创新的微观要素基础,推动我国制造业创新效率提升,一要加快构建双循环新发展格局;二要降低地区间行政边界效应;三要进一步完善外资准入制度,从让渡本土市场向开放本土市场转型;四要充分发挥高技术行业、大规模行业、高竞争行业示范引领作用。

High-quality factor input and its optimal allocation are key micro-foundations for enhancing innovation efficiency in the manufacturing sector.Within the framework of the new development pattern,"dual circulation"of manufacturing sector can not only aid the improvement of human capital and the quality of foreign investment to strengthen the foundation of factor input,but also contribute to optimizing resource allocation,which further promotes innovation efficiency in manufacturing sector.Based on panel data of China’s manufacturing sector from 2009 to 2022,the authors scientifically measure the"dual circulation"and innovation efficiency levels and carry out analysis on the relation between them.It is found that the smooth functioning of both internal and external circulations can significantly enhance innovation efficiency in China's manufacturing sector,and this conclusion remains robust after various robustness and endogeneity tests.Intermediary effect test shows that the quality of foreign investment,the level of human capital,and the efficiency of resource allocation play the intermediary role in the effect of"dual circulation"in manufacturing sector on innovation efficiency,namely,"dual circulation"in manufacturing sector improves the innovation efficiency through the improvement of the quality of foreign investment,the level of human capital,and the efficiency of resource allocation.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement effects of"dual circulation"in manufacturing sector on innovation efficiency are different according to differences in the level of technology and market scale in different industries;and comparing to industries with low level of technology and small scale,the improvement effects of"dual circulation"in manufacturing sector on innovation efficiency in industries with high level of technology and larger scales are more significant.Regulation effect test shows that the degree of industry competition plays a significant moderating role in the process,with higher competition levels further amplifying the positive impact of"dual circulation"on innovation efficiency.To consolidate the micro-foundations for innovation in manufacturing sector and promote the improvement of innovation efficiency of China’s manufacturing sector,we should,first,accelerate the new development pattern of"dual circulation";second,we should lower the administrative boundary effect among different regions;third,we should further improve access system of foreign investment,and change from transferring local market to opening local market;and fourth,we should give full play to the leading role of industries with high-technology,large scale,and high level of competition.