基于主成分和相关性分析不同自发气调袋包装对水晶葡萄采后贮藏品质的影响

Influence of Different Spontaneous Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Postharvest Storage Quality of Crystal Grapes Based on Principal Component and Correlation Analysis

分别采用不同自发气调袋包装水晶葡萄,贮藏至(1±0.3)℃环境中40 d,探讨不同自发气调袋对水晶葡萄贮藏期间外观品质、生理生化的影响。结果表明,贮藏结束时,PE20组果实腐烂率、褐变率及硬度分别为微孔组的0.69倍、0.67倍和1.17倍,能够有效抑制水晶葡萄腐烂率、褐变率和呼吸强度的增加,维持较高果实硬度,减少呼吸底物的消耗。同时,PE20包装通过抑制水晶葡萄多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和脂氧合酶(Lipoxygenase,LOX)等氧化酶活性及丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)积累,维持较高的抗坏血酸(Ascorbic acid,AsA)、总酚及类黄酮含量,增强了抗氧化活性,清除果实组织中活性氧(Reactive oxygen species,ROS),从而减轻细胞氧化损伤和酚类物质氧化。此外,研究明确了呼吸强度、褐变率、硬度等是水晶葡萄采后品质劣变的关键因素,通过主成分分析综合得分发现,PE20组在水晶葡萄贮藏过程中综合得分最高,对水晶葡萄采后贮藏品质具有显著效益。

This study employed different spontaneous modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)for crystal grapes,storing them at a temperature of(1±0.3)℃for 40 days,to explore the effects of various MAPs on the appearance quality and physiological and biochemical characteristics of crystal grapes during storage.The results indicated that,at the end of storage,the fruit rot rate,browning rate,and firmness in the PE20group were 0.69 times,0.67 times,and 1.17 times,respectively,of those in the microporous group.This effectively inhibited the increase in rot rate,browning rate,and respiration intensity of crystal grapes,maintained a higher fruit firmness,and reduced the consumption of respiratory substrates.Moreover,by inhibiting the activity of oxidative enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and lipoxygenase(LOX),and the accumulation of malondialdehyde(MDA),maintained higher levels of ascorbic acid(AsA),total phenols,and flavonoids,the PE20 packing,enhanced the antioxidant activity,scavenged reactive oxygen species(ROS)in fruit tissues,thereby mitigating cellular oxidative damage and oxidation of phenolic substances.Additionally,the study identified respiration intensity,browning rate,and firmness as key factors in the post-harvest quality deterioration of crystal grapes.Through principal component analysis,it was found that the PE20 group scored the highest in comprehensive evaluation during the storage of crystal grapes,demonstrating significant benefits to the post-harvest storage quality of crystal grapes.