物理化学联合预处理酶解海带的液化工艺研究

Liquefaction Technology of Laminaria japonica by Enzymolysis with Combined Physical and Chemical Pretreatment

针对海带资源的综合利用,对物理化学预处理联合酶法液化海带的工艺进行了探究。以海带液化产物的得率、总糖含量和糖醛酸含量为评价指标,研究表明,高温高压预处理能够有效提高海带的液化效率和产物可溶性糖含量,最佳预处理条件为125℃处理120 min。在此基础上,通过单因素试验和正交试验对海带液化的消化和酶解工艺进行优化,得到最佳工艺:5%底物浓度,添加0.06 g KOH后80℃保温消化1 h;消化结束后加入0.25%褐藻胶裂解酶,45℃下反应18 h进行酶解,产物得率达到76.06%。产物的单糖组成为甘露糖醛酸(42.83%)、古洛糖醛酸(40.93%)、岩藻糖(7.55%)、葡萄糖(6.13%)和甘露糖(2.56%)。通过扫描电镜测试分析,高温高压预处理能够对海带组织和细胞造成破坏,与褐藻胶裂解酶的综合作用能进一步破坏海带细胞,释放更多活性物质。该工艺简单高效,有助于推动海带的高值化加工和资源综合利用。

Aiming at the comprehensive utilization of Laminaria japonica(L.japonica)resources,the technology of physicochemical pretreatment combined with enzymolysis liquefaction of L.japonica was explored.This paper evaluated the effects of high temperature and pressure pretreatment on the enzymolysis liquefaction of L.japonica,focusing on yield,total sugar content,and uronic acid content as evaluation indices.It was confirmed that high temperature and pressure pretreatment effectively enhanced the enzymolysis liquefaction efficiency of L.japonica and the soluble sugar content in the products.The optimal pretreatment conditions were identified as treatment at 125℃for 120 min.On this basis,the enzymolysis liquefaction process of compound enzyme for L.japonica was optimized through single-factor and orthogonal experiments.The optimal process entailed a substrate concentration of 5%,followed by incubation at 80℃for 1 h after the addition of 0.06 g KOH.Subsequently,enzyme digestion was conducted by adding 0.25%alginate lyase and incubating at 45℃for 18 h,resulting in a product yield of 76.06%.The polysaccharide content was found to be abundant,with the monosaccharide composition and content ranked from highest to lowest as mannuronic acid(42.83%),guluronic acid(40.93%),fucose(7.55%),glucose(6.13%)and mannose(2.56%).Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that high temperature and pressure pretreatment induces damage to L.japonica tissues and cells,which was further exacerbated by the combined action of the alginate lyase,leading to the release of more active substances.This process was characterized by its simplicity,efficiency,and the production of polysaccharide-rich extracts,thereby contributing to the advancement of high-value processing and comprehensive utilization of L.japonica.