基于文献计量学和Meta分析方法评估高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草甸植物与土壤的影响

Assessing the effects of plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae disturbance on vegetation and soil in alpine meadow:insights from bibliometric and meta-analytical approaches

为明确高原鼠兔Ochotona curzoniae对高寒草甸生态系统组分的影响,采用文献计量学解析高原鼠兔干扰对草地生态系统影响研究的科学关注点,选取科学关注度指数较高的植物群落和土壤指标,利用Meta分析方法定量评估高原鼠兔干扰对草地植物群落和土壤的影响。结果显示:高原鼠兔干扰极显著降低了植物群落的高度、总盖度、地上生物量、物种多样性指数和物种丰富度指数,降幅分别为34.52%、23.31%、23.68%、3.77%和1.19%,极显著增加了植物群落物种均匀度指数,增幅为0.72%;而在重度干扰下还会显著增加土壤的总钾含量和pH,增幅分别为19.72%和6.18%,同时显著降低了土壤中水分、总氮、总磷、有效钾和有机碳的含量,降幅分别为19.75%、33.63%、18.13%、18.94%和14.79%。在高原鼠兔干扰下,植物群落地上生物量与土壤有机碳含量、总氮含量呈显著正相关,与土壤容重、总钾含量和pH呈显著负相关;植物群落各物种多样性指数与土壤因子的关系具有不对称性,但物种丰富度指数和多样性指数均与土壤总磷含量呈显著正相关,均与土壤容重呈显著负相关。表明较强的高原鼠兔干扰会加剧高寒草甸的退化,科学的鼠害管理和草地恢复措施可有效遏制高寒草甸持续退化。

To clarify the impact of plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae disturbances on components of the alpine meadow ecosystem,a bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify key scientific attention points related to the effects of pika disturbance on grassland ecosystems.Plant community and soil indi-cators with high scientific attention index were selected,and a meta-analysis was employed to quantita-tively assess the impact of pika disturbance on these factors.The results showed that pika disturbances significantly reduced the height,total coverage,aboveground biomass,species diversity index,and spe-cies richness index of the plant community,with decreases of 34.52%,23.31%,23.68%,3.77%,and 1.19%,respectively.It also significantly increased the plant community’s species evenness index by 0.72%.Under heavy disturbance,pika activity significantly increased total potassium content and soil pH by 19.72%and 6.18%,respectively,while significantly reducing soil moisture,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available potassium,and organic carbon contents by 19.75%,33.63%,18.13%,18.94%,and 14.79%,respectively.In the presence of pika disturbance,the aboveground biomass was significant-ly positively correlated with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents,and negatively correlated with soil bulk density,total potassium content,and pH.The relationships between the indices of species diversity and soil factors were asymmetric;however,species richness and diversity indices were signifi-cantly positively correlated with total phosphorus content and significantly negatively correlated with soil bulk density.These findings suggest that intense pika disturbance exacerbates the degradation of al-pine meadows,and implementing scientific rodent control and grassland restoration measures could ef-fectively curb the ongoing degradation of these ecosystems.