城市空间结构对碳排放效率的影响研究--以长三角地区为例

Impact of Urban Spatial Structure on Carbon Emission Efficiency:A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Region

国家全面推进实现碳达峰碳中和目标,城市成为节能降碳的主战场,探讨城市空间要素集散和单中心-多中心结构对碳排放效率的影响具有现实意义,以长三角41个城市为对象,基于2006~2019年城市面板数据,分析城市内部空间结构对碳排放效率的影响、异质性及其作用机制。整体上看,城市向多中心扩散发展对降低碳排放、提高碳排放效率有显著促进作用,且多中心对碳排放的影响具有分阶段特征,随着多中心程度提高,碳排放量先上升后下降,碳排放效率先抑制后提高。异质性分析发现,多中心的碳减排效应存在规模依赖性,小城市通过单中心极化发展更有利于碳减排,中等城市和大城市向多中心扩散发展拥有更优碳排放效率。作用机制分析发现,交通设施发展在城市多中心的碳减排效应中具有负向遮掩作用,多中心形态城市更完备的公路交通设施增加了城市碳排放总量;城市向多中心发展可以优化产业结构,实现生产效率提高和节能减排,提高碳排放效率。

Aiming at the achievement of carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,cities are becoming the main battlefield for energy conservation and carbon reduction.Therefore,study of the impact of urban spatial element distribution and single center multi center structure on carbon emission efficiency is of very important practical significance.This article took 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta as the object.Firstly,based on the carbon emission data obtained from energy consumption calculations,the super efficiency SBM model was used to calculate the carbon emission efficiency of various cities.Then,the internal spatial structure of cities was measured based on nighttime light data.Finally,the impact,heterogeneity,and mechanism of the internal spatial structure of cities on carbon emission efficiency were analyzed using urban panel data from 2006 to 2019.Overall,the diffusion and development of cities towards multiple centers had a significant promoting effect on reducing carbon emissions and improving carbon emission performance.The impact of multiple centers on carbon emissions demonstrated a phased characteristic.As the urban form evolved from single center to multiple centers,carbon emissions first increased and then decreased,and carbon emission efficiency first suppressed and then improved.Heterogeneity analysis found that the carbon emission reduction effect of multiple centers was scale-dependent.Small cities were more conducive to carbon emission reduction through single center polarization development,while medium-sized and large cities had better carbon emission performance when developing towards multiple centers.The development of transportation facilities had a negative masking effect on the carbon emission reduction effect of multiple center cities,and the well-developed road transportation facilities in multi center cities increased the total carbon emissions;The development of cities towards multiple centers can optimize industrial structure,achieve improved production efficiency,energy conservation and emission reduction,and improve carbon emission efficiency.