长期存活肝移植患者口腔微生物群多样性及分布特点分析

Analysis of oral microflora diversity and distribution in patients of long-term survival after liver transplantation

目的探索长期存活肝移植患者口腔微生物群组成, 并比较肝癌肝移植与非肝癌肝移植患者口腔微生物多样性与分布特点。方法本研究为横断面研究。连续收集2023年7月至2023年10月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院20例长期存活肝移植患者临床资料, 包括男性13例, 女性7例, 年龄55(48, 60)岁, 其中肝癌肝移植组8例, 非肝癌肝移植组12例。同时收集患者的唾液样本, 通过使用16S rDNA扩增子测序对患者口腔微生物群进行多样性分析与线性判别分析(LEfSe)。结果两组肝移植患者唾液样本在门水平排名前十的菌群均为:拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、梭杆菌门、髌骨菌门、弯曲菌门、蓝细菌门、螺旋体门、谜古菌门;在属水平排名前十的菌群均为:嗜血杆菌属、卟啉菌属、孪生球菌属、梭杆菌属、放线菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、罗斯氏菌属、链球菌属以及奈瑟菌属, 组间并未观察到具有统计学意义的多样性与整体差异(P>0.05)。LEfSe分析表明黄杆菌目、黄杆菌科、二氧化碳嗜纤维菌属、慢生难养杆菌、利氏二氧化碳噬纤维菌、昭和弯曲杆菌在肝癌肝移植组口腔中的富集, 而梭菌目、非典型韦荣球菌、组织普雷沃氏菌则在非肝癌肝移植组口腔中的富集。结论肝癌肝移植患者与非肝癌肝移植患者之间主要菌群相同, 但同时也存在一定的微生物组群落差异。

Objective To explore the composition of oral microbiome in patients of long-term survival after liver transplantation,and compare the diversity and distribution of oral microbiome in liver transplant patients with or without liver cancer.Methods This is a cross-sectional study.Clinical data of 20 patients of long-term survival after liver transplantation from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2023 to October 2023 were continuously collected,including 13 males and 7 females,aged 55(48,60)years.There were eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)undergoing liver transplantation and 12 non-HCC liver transplant patients.Oral microbiome was analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing,and the diversity analysis and LEfSe analysis were performed.Results The top ten groups of bacteria in the HCC and non-HCC liver transplant patients were both Bacteroidota,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Fusobacteriota,Patescibacteria,Campylobacterota,Cyanobacteria,spirochaetota,and Aenigmarchaeota.The top ten genus levels of bacteria in the HCC and non-HCC liver transplant patients were both Haemophilus,Porphyromonas,Gemella,Fusobacterium,Actinomyces,Prevotella,Rothia,Streptococcus,Neisseria.By LEfSe analysis,we found the enrichment of Flavobacteriales,Flavobacteriaceae,Capnocytophaga,Mogibacterium_timidum,Capnocytophaga_leadbetteri,Campylobacter_showae in the HCC group,while the enrichment of Veillonella_atypica,Prevotella_histicola in the non-HCC group.Conclusion The main microbiome was similar between HCC and non-HCC liver transplant patients,but there were also some differences in microbiome communities.