血液透析患者高位动静脉内瘘的穿刺技巧及护理

Puncture Technique and Nursing of High Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients

目的:探讨血液透析患者高位动静脉内瘘的穿刺技巧及护理作用价值。方法:选取2019年1月~2023年12月高位动静脉内瘘血液透析患者40例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,对照组(n=20)开展常规护理干预,观察组(n=20)开展优质护理干预,比较组间的内瘘成熟相关指标、并发症发生情况、疼痛评分、一次穿刺成功率。结果:观察组内瘘成熟时和内瘘开始使用时间值均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组穿刺点感染、肿胀等总计并发症率均处于低水平(P<0.05)。观察组VAS评分值更低,一次穿刺成功率更高(P<0.05)。结论:实施高位动静脉内瘘穿刺技巧以及优质护理干预,可助于促进内瘘更快成熟并使用,减少感染等并发症发生,缓解穿刺时疼痛,提高一次穿刺成功率。

Objective:To explore the puncture technique and nursing value of high arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2023,40 hemodialysis patients with high arteriovenous fistula were selected as the subjects.All patients were divided into two groups using a random number table method:a control group(n=20)receiving routine nursing intervention,and an observation group(n=20)receiving high-quality nursing intervention.The maturity related indicators of the fistula,incidence of complications,pain score,and success rate of the first puncture were compared between the two groups.Results:The values of fistula maturity and the time of fistula beginning in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications such as infection and swelling at the puncture site in the observation group was at a low level(P<0.05).The VAS score of the observation group was lower,indicating a higher success rate of one puncture(P<0.05).Conclusion:For hemodialysis patients,implementing high-level arteriovenous fistula puncture techniques and high-quality nursing interventions can help promote faster maturation and use of the fistula,reduce the occurrence of complications such as infection,alleviate pain during puncture,and improve the success rate of a single puncture.