八段锦运动对老年原发性高血压患者跌倒效能和平衡能力的影响

Effect of Baduanjin on Fall Efficiency and Balance Ability in Elderly Patients with Essential Hypertension

目的探讨八段锦运动对老年原发性高血压患者跌倒效能和平衡能力的影响,为制订预防老年患者跌倒措施提供现实依据。方法2022年5-11月,采用便利抽样法选取某三级甲等医院心血管内科门诊就诊的76例老年高血压患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各38例。对照组给予常规治疗与健康教育,观察组在此基础上进行八段锦干预,共干预12周,比较干预前后两组患者跌倒效能评分、平衡能力和下肢肌肉力量等指标。结果干预12周后,观察组患者跌倒效能各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在平衡能力比较中,观察组闭目直立试验时间高于对照组,而“计时-起立-行走”测试时间低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在下肢肌肉力量比较中,观察组患者5次坐立测试时间低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论八段锦运动能有效增强老年高血压患者的跌倒效能,提高患者下肢肌肉力量,对改善患者平衡能力具有积极作用。

Objective To observe the effect of Baduanjin exercise on fall efficiency and balance ability in elderly patients with hypertension,and to provide practical evidence for the enaction of measures to prevent elderly patients from falling.Methods A total of 76 elderly patients with hypertension in the Outpatient Department of Cardiology in a tertiary A hospital from May to November 2022 were selected by convenience sampling,evenly and randomly divided into an intervention group and control group.Patients in the control group received routine treatment and health education,while those in the intervention group received extra Baduanjin intervention for 12 weeks.Indices including the scores of fall efficiency,balance ability and muscular strength of lower limbs of the 2 groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results After 12 weeks,the scores of fall efficacy in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Standing test time with closed eyes in balance of the intervention group was significantly higher,with TUGT test time and FTSST of the former significantly lower than that of the other(all P>0.05).Conclusions Baduanjin exercise can effectively enhance the fall efficiency of elderly patients with hypertension,improve their muscle strength of lower limbs,and thereby improve their balance ability.