论转喻的邻近性:从空间到概念

On the Contiguity of Metonymy: From Space to Concept

邻近性作为转喻的核心要素,它不仅是转喻表达得以实现的基础,也是理解转喻内涵的关键。邻近性经历了从空间邻近性到语义邻近性再到概念邻近性的发展。传统上,邻近性被理解为现实世界中物体之间的空间关系,语义邻近性视角指出转喻表现为两个词之间存在的一种邻近意义关系,而现代认知语言学则将其扩展到概念层面,认为转喻涉及概念域内实体之间的邻近关系。文章阐述了基于概念邻近性的三种转喻观即域映射、域突出和活跃区转喻观,这些理论均强调转喻是在同一认知域或框架内通过概念邻近性实现的心理激活过程。通过梳理转喻邻近性的发展历程,揭示了转喻作为一种普遍认知活动的本质特征,为转喻研究的进一步深入提供理论支持。

As the core element of metonymy,contiguity is not only the basis for the realization of metonymic expression,but also the key to understanding the connotation of metonymy.Contiguity has gone through a development from spatial contiguity to semantic contiguity,and further to conceptual proximity.Traditionally,contiguity is understood as the spatial relationship between objects in the real world,the semantic contiguity perspective points out that metonymy manifests itself as a contiguous meaning relationship that exists between two words,and modern cognitive linguistics extends it to the conceptual level,arguing that metonymy involves contiguity relationships between entities within the conceptual domain.Finally,the article elaborates three conceptual contiguity-based views of metonymy,namely,domain mapping,domain salience,and active zone metonymy,all of which emphasize that metonymy is a process of mental activation through conceptual contiguity within the same cognitive domain or framework.By sorting out the developmental history of contiguity,this paper reveals the essential characteristics of metonymy as a universal cognitive activity,and provides theoretical support for the further depth of metonymy research.