六笙诗存亡考论

On the Existence and Extinction of the Sheng Poetry in the Book of Songs

《笙诗序》说文本义表明六笙诗原本是有辞的。《六月序》对六笙诗的解说表明六笙诗原本是《小雅》中的正《小雅》。《六月序》对六笙诗的解说模式表明,前三首《南陔》《白华》和《华黍》是文、武时的作品,后三首《由庚》《崇丘》和《由仪》是周公、成王时的作品。六笙诗亡于《诗序》原序产生之后、《诗序》续序产生之前,即战国中期。《笙诗序》在《毛传》中排序,是编排者将《毛诗》与《诗序》合为一体时整理的结果,此与古本排序有异,但仍不失为一种较为合理的排序方法。

The original meaning of the Preface to the Sheng Poems indicates that the six Sheng Poems originally had lyrics.The explanation of the six Sheng Poems in the“Preface to the June”poem indicates that they were originally part of the proper section of the Lesser Elegies(Xiaoya).The interpretation pattern of the six Sheng Poems in the“Preface to the June”poem suggests that the first three poems,“Southern Steps”(Nangai),“White Flowers”(Baihua),and“Splendid Millet”(Huashu),were works of the Wen and Wu periods,while the last three,“You Geng”,“Lofty Mound”(Chongqiu),and“You Yi”,were works of the Duke of Zhou and King Cheng periods.The six Sheng Poems disappeared after the original preface to the Book of Songs was produced and before the continuation of the preface was created,that is,in the mid-Warring States period.The order of the preface to the Sheng Poems in the Mao Commentary is the result of the arranger’s integration of the Mao Version of the Book of Songs and the preface to the Book of Songs.Although this differs from the order of the ancient versions,it is still a relatively reasonable method of ordering.