感情投资型行贿罪的司法认定

Judicial Recognition of Emotional Investment-Type Bribery

为回应现实需求,应在行贿罪的构成要件涵摄范围之内通过司法解释的形式规定感情投资型行贿罪,此种行贿罪认定难点在于“可能影响职权行使”和“视为为谋取不正当利益”。“可能影响职权行使”将行贿罪从确定影响职权行使的实害犯转移到可能影响职权行使的具体危险犯,但是实务和理论中经常把实害犯、具体危险犯、抽象危险犯相混淆,通过请托事项的不同可以区分对法益的侵害程度,当行贿人具有未来意义的请托事项并超出人情往来范畴时就对贿赂犯罪法益造成了现实紧迫的危险,可以认定为“可能影响职权行使”。“视为为谋取不正当利益”的属性为法律推定规范,其不会超越行贿罪的界限与罪刑法定原则相抵牾,但是法律推定具有逻辑的割裂性,应当依据身份条件、职权条件和金额条件推定视为为谋取不正当利益。

potential danger offenses are often confused.The degree of infringement on legal interests can be distinguished by the differences in requests for entrustment.When a briber has a future request for entrustment that exceeds the scope of human relations,it poses a realistic and urgent danger to the legal interests of bribery crimes and can be deemed as“may affect the exercise of power.”The attribute of“deemed to seek improper benefits”is a legal presumption norm,which does not exceed the boundaries of the crime of bribery and contradicts the principle of legality of crimes and punishments.However,legal presumptions have logical fragmentation,and it should be presumed as seeking improper benefits based on identity conditions,authority conditions,and monetary conditions.