白蛇题材的历史流变及其时代意蕴——兼谈京剧《白蛇传》预叙缺位的历史内涵

The Historical Evolution and Implications of the Subject of the White Snake——The Historical Connotation of the Absence of Pre-narration in the Peking Opera Tale of the White Snake

白蛇传故事是我们民族具有代表性的系列神话。中国古典戏曲小说有一个强大且富有哲学意味的天人传统,而在这一传统下形成的叙事模式中,预叙极为常见。每个时代主题观念的转移和重构,都深刻地影响着白蛇题材的叙事策略。田汉改创的京剧《白蛇传》删掉了该题材中预叙的元故事,这种做法背后有其特殊的历史语境。

The White Snake is one of the most representative legends of ancient China.A powerful and philosophical belief in the integration of man and nature can be found in classical theatrical novels of China.Under the guideline of the lofty tradition between man and nature,pre-narration is commonly used.However,the subject is transferred and reconstructed in different times.Consequently,the narrative strategy of the White Snake is significantly changed.The White Snake of Peking opera adapted by Tian Han deletes the meta-story in its original pre-narration.The practice may be traced back to its special historical context.