同群效应对农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离的影响

Impact of peer effect on deviation between farmer’s willingness and behavior to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers

化肥过量施用危害了农业土壤健康、农产品质量安全和农业的可持续性。文中基于农户化肥减量施用“高意愿,低行为”的现实,从群体行为、个体特质、外部环境三个层面,构建了同群效应、环境素养和社会信任对农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离的理论分析框架,利用中国广西、贵州、宁夏和青海农户的调研数据,实证检验同群效应对农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离的因果效应,以及农户环境素养和社会信任在同群效应影响农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离关系中的作用机理。研究结果表明,同群效应显著缓解农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离,环境素养在同群效应影响农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离关系中发挥部分中介作用,社会信任在环境素养影响农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离的关系中具有显著调节作用。具体而言,同群效应通过提高农户对环境保护的认知程度促进具有化肥减量施用意愿的农户向实际行为转化,农户社会信任水平的提高会增强环境素养对农户化肥减量施用意愿与行为悖离中的缓解作用。

Excessive application of chemical fertilizers poses a threat to the soil health of farmland,agricultural product quality and safety,and agricultural sustainability.Based on the reality that farmers have a higher willingness but limited action to reduce the use of fertilizers,a theoretical analysis framework is constructed from three levels:group behavior,individual traits,and external environment,to examine the impacts of peer effect,environmental literacy,and social trust on the deviation between the farmer's willingness and behavior to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers.Using survey data from farmers in Guangxi,Guizhou,Ningxia,and Qinghai provinces in China,the causal effect of peer effect on the deviation between farmer's willingness and behavior to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers,as well as the mechanism of the role of environmental literacy and social trust in the influence of peer effect on the deviation between the farmer's willingness and behavior to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers are empirically tested.The research results indicate that peer effect significantly alleviates the deviation between the farmer's willingness and behavior to reduce fertilizer application.Environmental literacy plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between peer effect and the deviation between farmers' willingness and behavior to reduce fertilizer application,social trust has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between environmental literacy and the deviation between farmers' willingness and behavior to reduce fertilizer application.Specifically,peer effect promotes the transformation of farmer's willingness to reduce fertilizer application into action by increasing their awareness of environmental protection,that means the improvement of farmers' social trust level will enhance the alleviating effect of environmental literacy on the deviation between farmers' willingness and behavior to reduce fertilizer application.