基于时空效用法的黄金周自驾游可达性测度及影响因素研究

Measurement of accessibility of self-driving tour during Golden Week based on spatio-temporal utility method

基于时间地理学理论以云南省4A及以上景区为研究对象,利用时空效用法构建了考虑自驾游时空限制及景区吸引力的黄金周自驾游可达性测度模型,并采用多尺度地理加权回归模型(MGWR)探究其影响因素。结果显示:1)黄金周自驾游可达性受景区吸引力、空间及时间限制共同影响,形成滇中-滇西-滇东南的高可达性区域,并向资源匮乏、交通通达性不足地区递减。2)利用K-means聚类方法按黄金周自驾游可达性,将景区划分为高效联通型、均衡可达型、有限约束型、边缘弱势型4类,其中高效联通型景区约占总体1/5,而均衡可达型和有限约束型景区约占7成。3)利用MGWR模型深入剖析了自然与人文因素对自驾游可达性的影响,发现综合交通便捷性对黄金周自驾游可达性的发展具有决定性作用,而景区资源禀赋直接贡献则相对较弱。

Based on the theoretical foundation of time geography,this study focuses on 4A and above scenic spots in Yunnan Province,and employs the spatiotemporal utility method to develop a Golden Week self-driving travel accessibility measurement model that takes into account the spatiotemporal constraints of self-driving travel and the attractiveness of scenic spots.The multi-scale geographically weighted regression model(MGWR) is utilized to investigate its influencing factors.The results show that:1) The Golden Week self-driving travel accessibility is jointly influenced by the attractiveness of scenic area,spatial and temporal limitations,forming high accessibility areas in central Yunnan,western Yunnan,and southeastern Yunnan,and decreasing towards areas with scarce resources and insufficient transportation accessibility.2) The Golden Week self-driving travel accessibility is classified into four categories of highly efficient connectivity,balanced accessibility,limited constraints,and marginal vulnerability using K-means clustering,in which the highly efficiently connected scenic area account for about 1/5 of the total,while balanced accessible and limited constraint scenic area together account for about 70% of the total.3) Using the MGWR model to deeply analyze the influence of natural and human factors on the accessibility of self-driving tours,it is found that the comprehensive transportation convenience plays a decisive role in the development of the Golden Week self-driving travel accessibility,while the direct contribution of scenic area resource endowment is relatively weak.